Part 13, Reference for Chapter 149: The Skin and Endocrine Disorders
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- 1 Controls of hair follicle cycling. Physiol Rev 2001 Jan;81(1):449–94. Pubmed link , .
- 2 The hair follicle as a dynamic miniorgan. Curr Biol 2009 Feb 10;19(3):R132–42. Cross Ref link Pubmed link , , .
- 3 Neuroendocrinology of the hair follicle: principles and clinical perspectives. Trends Mol Med 2014 20(10):559–70. Cross Ref link Pubmed link , , , , .
- 4 The chemical regulation of the secretory process. Proc R Soc Lond 1904 73:310–22. Cross Ref link , .
- 5 Williams Textbook of Endiocrinology, 12th edn. Amsterdam: Elsevier, 2012. , , , , , eds.
- 6 Differential expression of HPA axis homolog in the skin. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2007 Feb;265–266:143–9. Cross Ref link Pubmed link , , , .
- 7 Skin as an endocrine organ: implications for its function. Drug Discov Today Dis Mech 2008 Jun 1;5(2):137–44. Cross Ref link Pubmed link , , , , , .
- 8 Sensing the environment: regulation of local and global homeostasis by the skin's neuroendocrine system. Adv Anat Embryol Cell Biol 2012;212:v, vii, 1–115. Cross Ref link , , , , , .
- 9 Key role of CRF in the skin stress response system. Endocr Rev 2013 Dec;34(6):827–84. Cross Ref link Pubmed link , , , , , .
- 10 Cutaneous glucocorticosteroidogenesis: securing local homeostasis and the skin integrity. Exp Dermatol 2014 Jun;23(6):369–74. Cross Ref link Pubmed link , , .
- 11 Genetic variation of the cutaneous HPA axis: an analysis of UVB‐induced differential responses. Gene 2013 Nov 1;530(1):1–7. Cross Ref link Pubmed link , , , , .
- 12 Ultraviolet radiation regulates cortisol activity in a waveband‐dependent manner in human skin ex vivo. Br J Dermatol 2013 Mar;168(3):595–601. Cross Ref link Pubmed link , , , .
- 13 Neuroimmunoendocrine circuitry of the ‘brain–skin connection’. Trends Immunol 2006 Jan;27(1):32–9. Cross Ref link Pubmed link , , .
- 14 Exploring the “thyroid–skin connection”: concepts, questions, and clinical relevance. J Invest Dermatol 2010 Jan;130(1):7–10. Cross Ref link Pubmed link .
- 15 A neuroendocrinological perspective on human hair follicle pigmentation. Pigment Cell Melanoma Res 2011 Feb;24(1):89–106. Cross Ref link Pubmed link .
- 16 Neuroimmunology of stress: skin takes center stage. J Invest Dermatol 2006 Aug;126(8):1697–704. Cross Ref link Pubmed link , , , , .
- 17 Is there a ‘gut–brain–skin axis’? Exp Dermatol 2010 May;19(5):401–5. Cross Ref link Pubmed link , , , et al.
- 18 The neuroendocrine‐immune connection regulates chronic inflammatory disease in allergy. Chem Immunol Allergy 2012;98:240–52. Cross Ref link Pubmed link .
- 19 Propionibacterium acnes Induces an IL‐17 Response in Acne Vulgaris that Is Regulated by Vitamin A and Vitamin D. J Invest Dermatol 2014 Feb;134(2):366–73. Cross Ref link Pubmed link , , , et al.
- 20 Prolactin: an emerging force along the cutaneous‐endocrine axis. Trends Endocrinol Metab 2010 Sep;21(9):569–77. Cross Ref link Pubmed link , , , , .
- 21 Molecular mechanisms of prolactin and its receptor. Endocr Rev 2012 Aug;33(4):504–25. Cross Ref link Pubmed link .
- 22 Leptin and the skin: a new frontier. Exp Dermatol 2010 Jan;19(1):12–18. Cross Ref link Pubmed link , , , et al.
- 23 Leptin in autoimmune diseases. Metabolism 2015 Jan;64(1):92–104. Cross Ref link Pubmed link , , , .
- 24 Leptin controls hair follicle cycling. Exp Dermatol 2014 Apr;23(4):228–9. Cross Ref link Pubmed link , , , , , .
- 25 Molecular Neuropharmacology – A Foundation for Clinical Neuroscience, 3rd edn. New York: McGrawHill, 2015. , , , .
- 26 Human hair follicles display a functional equivalent of the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis and synthesize cortisol. FASEB J 2005 Aug;19(10):1332–4. Pubmed link , , , et al.
- 27 Expression of hypothalamic–pituitary–thyroid axis related genes in the human skin. J Invest Dermatol 2002 Dec;119(6):1449–55. Cross Ref link Pubmed link , , , et al.
- 28 Thyroid‐stimulating hormone, a novel, locally produced modulator of human epidermal functions, is regulated by thyrotropin‐releasing hormone and thyroid hormones. Endocrinology 2010 Apr;151(4):1633–42. Cross Ref link Pubmed link , , , et al.
- 29 Cholinergic control of epidermal cohesion. Exp Dermatol 2006 Apr;15(4):265–82. Cross Ref link Pubmed link .
- 30 Adrenergic and cholinergic control in the biology of epidermis: physiological and clinical significance. J Invest Dermatol 2006 Sep;126(9):1948–65. Cross Ref link Pubmed link , , .
- 31 Muscarinic receptor agonists and antagonists: effects on keratinocyte functions. Handb Exp Pharmacol 2012;208:429–50. Cross Ref link Pubmed link .
- 32 The non‐neuronal cholinergic system: basic science, therapeutic implications and new perspectives. Life Sci 2012 Nov 27;91(21–22):969–72. Cross Ref link Pubmed link , , , , .
- 33 Catecholamines in human keratinocyte differentiation. J Invest Dermatol 1995 Jun;104(6):953–7. Cross Ref link Pubmed link , , , , , .
- 34 β2AR antagonists and β2AR gene deletion both promote skin wound repair processes. J Invest Dermatol 2012 Aug;132(8):2076–84. Cross Ref link Pubmed link , , , , , .
- 35 Auto/paracrine nicotinergic peptides participate in cutaneous stress response to wounding. Dermatoendocrinology 2012 Jul 1;4(3):324–30. Cross Ref link , , , .
- 36 Catecholamine stress alters neutrophil trafficking and impairs wound healing by β2‐adrenergic receptor‐mediated upregulation of IL‐6. J Invest Dermatol 2014 Mar;134(3):809–17. Cross Ref link Pubmed link , , , et al.
- 37 Cholinergic regulation of keratinocyte innate immunity and permeability barrier integrity: new perspectives in epidermal immunity and disease. J Invest Dermatol 2012 Jan;132(1):28–42. Cross Ref link Pubmed link , .
- 38 Connections of nicotine to cancer. Nat Rev Cancer 2014 Jun;14(6):419–29. Cross Ref link Pubmed link .
- 39 Novel vitamin D photoproducts and their precursors in the skin. Dermatoendocrinology 2013 Jan 1;5(1):7–19. Cross Ref link , , , et al.
- 40 Sex steroid synthesis in human skin in situ: the roles of aromatase and steroidogenic acute regulatory protein in the homeostasis of human skin. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2012 Oct 15;362(1–2):19–28. Cross Ref link Pubmed link , , , et al.
- 41 Vitamin D metabolism, mechanism of action, and clinical applications. Chem Biol 2014 Mar 20;21(3):319–29. Cross Ref link Pubmed link .
- 42 Melanocortin receptor ligands: new horizons for skin biology and clinical dermatology. J Invest Dermatol 2006 Sep;126(9):1966–75. Cross Ref link Pubmed link , , , .
- 43 Modulation of basophil activity: a novel function of the neuropeptide α‐melanocyte‐stimulating hormone. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2012 Apr;129(4):1085–93. Cross Ref link Pubmed link , , , et al.
- 44 α‐Melanocyte‐stimulating hormone: a protective peptide against chemotherapy‐induced hair follicle damage? Br J Dermatol 2014 Apr;170(4):956–60. Cross Ref link Pubmed link , , , .
- 45 The human hair bulb is a source and target of CRH. J Invest Dermatol 2004 Jan;122(1):235–7. Cross Ref link Pubmed link , , , .
- 46 Collapse and restoration of MHC class‐I‐dependent immune privilege: exploiting the human hair follicle as a model. Am J Pathol 2004 Feb;164(2):623–34. Cross Ref link Pubmed link , , , , , .
- 47 Proopiomelanocortin expression in the skin during induced hair growth in mice. Experientia 1992 Jan 15;48(1):50–4. Cross Ref link Pubmed link , , .
- 48 Modulation of the human hair follicle pigmentary unit by corticotropin‐releasing hormone and urocortin peptides. FASEB J 2006 May;20(7):882–95. Cross Ref link Pubmed link , , , .
- 49 Frontiers in pruritus research: scratching the brain for more effective itch therapy. J Clin Invest 2006 May;116(5):1174–86. Cross Ref link Pubmed link , , , .
- 50 Androgen actions on the human hair follicle: perspectives. Exp Dermatol 2013 Mar;22(3):168–71. Cross Ref link Pubmed link , .
- 51 Androgens influence microvascular dilation in PCOS through ET‐A and ET‐B receptors. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2013 Oct 1;305(7):E818–25. Cross Ref link Pubmed link , , .
- 52 The endocrinology of baldness. Hormones (Athens) 2014 Apr–Jun;13(2):197–212. Pubmed link .
- 53 The hair follicle as an estrogen target and source. Endocr Rev 2006 Oct;27(6):677–706. Cross Ref link Pubmed link , , , , .
- 54 Estrogens and aging skin. Dermatoendocrinology 2013 Apr 1;5(2):264–70. Cross Ref link .
- 55 Estrogen and skin: therapeutic options. Am J Clin Dermatol 2011 Oct 1;12(5):297–311. Cross Ref link Pubmed link , .
- 56 A practical guide for the study of human and murine sebaceous glands in situ. Exp Dermatol 2013 Oct;22(10):631–7. Cross Ref link Pubmed link , , , et al.
- 57 Steroidogenesis in the skin: implications for local immune functions. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2013 Sep;137:107–23. Cross Ref link Pubmed link , , , et al.
- 58 TSH is a novel neuroendocrine regulator of selected keratins in the human hair follicle. J Dermatol Sci 2011 Oct;64(1):67–70. Cross Ref link Pubmed link , , , et al.
- 59 The role of PPARγ‐mediated signalling in skin biology and pathology: New targets and opportunities for clinical dermatology. Exp Dermatol 2015;24(4):245–51. Cross Ref link Pubmed link , , , , , .
- 60 2,4,6‐Octatrienoic acid is a novel promoter of melanogenesis and antioxidant defence in normal human melanocytes via PPAR‐γ activation. Pigment Cell Melanoma Res 2011 Aug;24(4):618–30. Cross Ref link Pubmed link , , , et al.
- 61 The endocannabinoid system of the skin in health and disease: novel perspectives and therapeutic opportunities. Trends Pharmacol Sci 2009 Aug;30(8):411–20. Cross Ref link Pubmed link , , , , .
- 62 Cannabidiol exerts sebostatic and antiinflammatory effects on human sebocytes. J Clin Invest 2014 Jul 25; pii: 64628. , , , et al.
- 63 Inhibition of human hair follicle growth by endo‐ and exocannabinoids. FASEB J 2007 Nov;21(13):3534–41. Cross Ref link Pubmed link , , , et al.
- 64 Endocannabinoids limit excessive mast cell maturation and activation in human skin. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2012 Mar;129(3):726–738.e8. Cross Ref link Pubmed link , , , et al.
- 65 Endocannabinoids modulate human epidermal keratinocyte proliferation and survival via the sequential engagement of cannabinoid receptor‐1 and transient receptor potential vanilloid‐1. J Invest Dermatol 2011 May;131(5):1095–104. Cross Ref link Pubmed link , , , et al.
- 66 Production of catecholamines in the human epidermis. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1992 Nov 30;189(1):72–8. Cross Ref link Pubmed link , , , et al.
- 67 The induction of the alpha‐1‐adrenoceptor signal transduction system on human melanocytes. Exp Dermatol 1996 Feb;5(1):20–3. Cross Ref link Pubmed link , , , , .
- 68 Altered catecholamine synthesis and degradation in the epidermis of patients with atopic eczema. Arch Dermatol Res 1997 Nov;289(12):663–6. Cross Ref link Pubmed link , , , et al.
- 69 Structural and functional alterations in the beta2‐adrenoceptor are caused by a point mutation in patients with atopic eczema. Exp Dermatol 2007 Oct;16(10):807–13. Cross Ref link Pubmed link , , , , , .
- 70 Autocrine catecholamine biosynthesis and the beta‐adrenoceptor signal promote pigmentation in human epidermal melanocytes. J Invest Dermatol 2004 Aug;123(2):346–53. Cross Ref link Pubmed link , , , .
- 71 Acute wounding alters the beta2‐adrenergic signaling and catecholamine synthetic pathways in keratinocytes. J Invest Dermatol 2014 Aug;134(8):2258–66. Cross Ref link Pubmed link , , , et al.
- 72 Dynamic analysis of histamine‐mediated attenuation of acetylcholine‐induced sweating via GSK3β activation. J Invest Dermatol 2014 Feb;134(2):326–34. Cross Ref link Pubmed link , , , et al.
- 73 Regulation of lipid production by acetylcholine signalling in human sebaceous glands. J Dermatol Sci 2013 Nov;72(2):116–22. Cross Ref link Pubmed link , , , et al.
- 74 Serotoninergic and melatoninergic systems are fully expressed in human skin. FASEB J 2002 Jun;16(8):896–8. Pubmed link , , , et al.
- 75 Melatonin in the skin: synthesis, metabolism and functions. Trends Endocrinol Metab 2008 Jan;19(1):17–24. Cross Ref link Pubmed link , , , , .
- 76 Melatonin membrane receptors in peripheral tissues: distribution and functions. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2012 Apr 4;351(2):152–66. Cross Ref link Pubmed link , , , , .
- 77 A role of melatonin in neuroectodermal‐mesodermal interactions: the hair follicle synthesizes melatonin and expresses functional melatonin receptors. FASEB J 2005 Oct;19(12):1710–12. Pubmed link , , , et al.
- 78 Melatonin as a major skin protectant: from free radical scavenging to DNA damage repair. Exp Dermatol 2008 Sep;17(9):713–30. Cross Ref link Pubmed link , , , , .
- 79 Melatonin and the hair follicle. J Pineal Res 2008 Jan;44(1):1–15. Cross Ref link Pubmed link , , , .
- 80 Metabolism of melatonin and biological activity of intermediates of melatoninergic pathway in human skin cells. FASEB J 2013 Jul;27(7):2742–55. Cross Ref link Pubmed link , , , et al.
- 81 Thyrotropin releasing hormone (TRH): a new player in human hair‐growth control. FASEB J 2010 Feb;24(2):393–403. Cross Ref link Pubmed link , , , et al.
- 82 Thyrotropin‐releasing hormone selectively stimulates human hair follicle pigmentation. J Invest Dermatol 2011 Dec;131(12):2368–7. Cross Ref link Pubmed link , , , et al.
- 83 Thyrotropin‐releasing hormone controls mitochondrial biology in human epidermis. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2012 Mar;97(3):978–86. Cross Ref link Pubmed link , , , et al.
- 84 Hypothalamic–pituitary–thyroid axis hormones stimulate mitochondrial function and biogenesis in human hair follicles. J Invest Dermatol 2014 Jan;134(1):33–42. Cross Ref link Pubmed link , , , et al.
- 85 Advanced inhibition of undesired human hair growth by PPARγ modulation? J Invest Dermatol 2014 Apr;134(4):1128–31. Cross Ref link Pubmed link , , , et al.
- 86 Thyrotropin powers human mitochondria. FASEB J 2010 May;24(5):1525–31. Cross Ref link Pubmed link , , , et al.
- 87 Harnessing neuroendocrine controls of keratin expression: a new therapeutic strategy for skin diseases? Bioessays 2014 Jul;36(7):672–86. Cross Ref link Pubmed link , .
- 88 Thyrotropin‐releasing hormone and oestrogen differentially regulate prolactin and prolactin receptor expression in female human skin and hair follicles in vitro. Br J Dermatol 2010 May;162(5):1127–31. Cross Ref link Pubmed link , , , et al.
- 89 Mind the (gender) gap: does prolactin exert gender and/or site‐specific effects on the human hair follicle? J Invest Dermatol 2010 Mar;130(3):886–91. Cross Ref link Pubmed link , , , , , .
- 90 Human scalp hair follicles are both a target and a source of prolactin, which serves as an autocrine and/or paracrine promoter of apoptosis‐driven hair follicle regression. Am J Pathol 2006 Mar;168(3):748–56. Cross Ref link Pubmed link , , , , , .
- 91 Prolactin – a novel neuroendocrine regulator of human keratin expression in situ. FASEB J 2010 Jun;24(6):1768–79. Cross Ref link Pubmed link , , , et al.
- 92 A new strategy for modulating chemotherapy‐induced alopecia, using PTH/PTHrP receptor agonist and antagonist. J Invest Dermatol 2001 Aug;117(2):173–8. Cross Ref link Pubmed link , , , , .
- 93 A topical parathyroid hormone/parathyroid hormone‐related peptide receptor antagonist stimulates hair growth in mice. Endocrinology 2007 Mar;148(3):1167–70. Cross Ref link Pubmed link , , .
- 94 Parathyroid hormone linked to a collagen binding domain promotes hair growth in a mouse model of chemotherapy‐induced alopecia in a dose‐dependent manner. Anticancer Drugs 2014 Aug;25(7):819–25. Cross Ref link Pubmed link , , , , .
- 95 Parathyroid hormone hormone‐related protein and the PTH receptor regulate angiogenesis of the skin. J Invest Dermatol 2006 Sep;126(9):2127–34. Cross Ref link Pubmed link , , , et al.
- 96 Hair‐cycle‐dependent expression of parathyroid hormone‐related protein and its type I receptor: evidence for regulation at the anagen to catagen transition. J Invest Dermatol 2003 May;120(5):715–27. Cross Ref link Pubmed link , , , , , .
- 97 Probing the effects of stress mediators on the human hair follicle: substance P holds central position. Am J Pathol 2007 Dec;171(6):1872–86. Cross Ref link Pubmed link , , , et al.
- 98 Tachykinins and their receptors: contributions to physiological control and the mechanisms of disease. Physiol Rev 2014 Jan;94(1):265–301. Cross Ref link Pubmed link , , , , .
- 99 Calcitonin gene‐related peptide: key regulator of cutaneous immunity. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2015 Mar;213(3):586–94. Cross Ref link Pubmed link , , , .
- 100 Calcitonin gene‐related peptide (CGRP) may award relative protection from interferon‐γ‐induced collapse of human hair follicle immune privilege. Exp Dermatol 2012 Mar;21(3):223–6. Cross Ref link Pubmed link , , , et al.
- 101 Dopamine is a novel, direct inducer of catagen in human scalp hair follicles in vitro. Br J Dermatol 2013 Mar;168(3):520–5. Cross Ref link Pubmed link , , , et al.
- 102 Thyroid hormones directly alter human hair follicle functions: anagen prolongation and stimulation of both hair matrix keratinocyte proliferation and hair pigmentation. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2008 Nov;93(11):4381–8. Cross Ref link Pubmed link , , , et al.
- 103 Thyroid hormone signaling controls hair follicle stem cell function. Mol Biol Cell 2015 Feb 5. pii: mbc.E14‐07‐1251. , , , , .
- 104 Thyroid hormone and wound healing. J Thyroid Res 2013;2013:124538. Cross Ref link Pubmed link .
- 105 Regulated proenkephalin expression in human skin and cultured skin cells. J Invest Dermatol 2011 Mar;131(3):613–22. Cross Ref link Pubmed link , , , et al.
- 106 Role for kisspeptin/neurokinin B/dynorphin (KNDy) neurons in cutaneous vasodilatation and the estrogen modulation of body temperature. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2012 Nov 27;109(48):19846–51. Cross Ref link Pubmed link , , , , .
- 107 The neuropeptide galanin is a novel inhibitor of human hair growth. Br J Dermatol 2012 Jul;167(1):10–16. Cross Ref link Pubmed link , , , , , .
- 108 Somatostatin receptors are strongly expressed in palmoplantar sweat glands and ducts: studies of normal and palmoplantar pustulosis skin. Clin Exp Dermatol 2011 Jul;36(5):521–7. Cross Ref link Pubmed link , , .
- 109 Somatostatin inhibits cell migration and reduces cell counts of human keratinocytes and delays epidermal wound healing in an ex vivo wound model. PLOS One 2011 May 11;6(5):e19740. Cross Ref link Pubmed link , , , , , .
- 110 Somatostatin expression in human hair follicles and its potential role in immune privilege. J Invest Dermatol 2013 Jul;133(7):1722–30. Cross Ref link Pubmed link , , , et al.
- 111 Oxytocin modulates proliferation and stress responses of human skin cells: implications for atopic dermatitis. Exp Dermatol 2013 Jun;22(6):399–405. Cross Ref link Pubmed link , , , et al.
- 112 Neuropeptide Y expression in cutaneous melanoma. J Am Acad Dermatol 2012 Jun;66(6):e201–8. Cross Ref link Pubmed link , , , , , .
- 113 Noradrenaline and neuropeptide Y contribute to initial, but not sustained, vasodilatation in response to local skin warming in humans. Exp Physiol 2014 Feb;99(2):381–92. Cross Ref link Pubmed link , .
- 114 The skin as a mirror of the soul: exploring the possible roles of serotonin. Exp Dermatol 2008 Apr;17(4):301–11. Cross Ref link Pubmed link , , .
- 115 Leptin promotes a pro‐inflammatory lipid profile and induces inflammatory pathways in human SZ95 sebocytes. Br J Dermatol 2014;171(6):1326–35. Cross Ref link Pubmed link , , , et al.
- 116 A hot new twist to hair biology: involvement of vanilloid receptor‐1 (VR1/TRPV1) signalling in human hair growth control. Am J Pathol 2005 Apr;166(4):985–98. Cross Ref link Pubmed link , , , et al.
- 117 Hair cycle control by vanilloid receptor‐1 (TRPV1): evidence from TRPV1 knockout mice. J Invest Dermatol 2006 Aug;126(8):1909–12. Cross Ref link Pubmed link , , , et al.
- 118 TRP channels as novel players in the pathogenesis and therapy of itch. Biochim Biophys Acta 2007 Aug;1772(8):1004–21. Cross Ref link Pubmed link , , , , , .
- 119 Activation of transient receptor potential vanilloid‐3 inhibits human hair growth. J Invest Dermatol 2011 Aug;131(8):1605–14. Cross Ref link Pubmed link , , , et al.
- 120 TRPV3: a ‘more than skinny’ channel. Exp Dermatol 2013 Jul;22(7):447–52. Cross Ref link Pubmed link , .
- 121 Human hair follicles are an extrarenal source and a nonhematopoietic target of erythropoietin. FASEB J 2007 Oct;21(12):3346–54. Cross Ref link Pubmed link , , , , , , .
- 122 Does erythropoietin modulate human hair follicle melanocyte activities in situ? Exp Dermatol 2010 Jan;19(1):65–7. Cross Ref link Pubmed link , , , , , .
- 123 Erythropoietin and the skin: a role for epidermal oxygen sensing? Bioessays 2009 Mar;31(3):344–8. Cross Ref link Pubmed link , , , .
- 124 Extrapituitary growth hormone synthesis in humans. Growth Horm IGF Res 2014 Apr–Jun;24(2–3):47–53. Cross Ref link Pubmed link , , , .
- 125 Beta‐endorphin as a regulator of human hair follicle melanocyte biology. J Invest Dermatol 2004 Jul;123(1):184–95. Cross Ref link Pubmed link , , , , .
- 126 Differential expression of a cutaneous corticotropin‐releasing hormone system. Endocrinology 2004 Feb;145(2):941–50. Cross Ref link Pubmed link , , , , .
- 127 Corticotropin‐releasing hormone stimulates the in situ generation of mast cells from precursors in the human hair follicle mesenchyme. J Invest Dermatol 2010 Apr;130(4):995–1004. Cross Ref link Pubmed link , , , et al.
- 128 Neuropeptide control mechanisms in cutaneous biology: physiological and clinical significance. J Invest Dermatol 2006 Sep;126(9):1937–47. Cross Ref link Pubmed link , , , et al.
- 129 Defining dermal adipose tissue. Exp Dermatol 2014 Sep;23(9):629–31. Cross Ref link Pubmed link , , , , .
- 130 Leptin of dermal adipose tissue is differentially expressed during the hair cycle and contributes to adipocyte‐mediated growth inhibition of anagen‐phase vibrissa hair. Exp Dermatol 2015 Jan;24(1):57–60. Cross Ref link Pubmed link , , , et al.
- 131 Neurochemical markers in human cutaneous Merkel cells. An immunohistochemical investigation. Exp Dermatol 1995 Dec;4(6):365–71. Cross Ref link Pubmed link , .
- 132 Neurotransmitters and synaptic components in the Merkel cell‐neurite complex, a gentle‐touch receptor. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2013 Mar;1279:13–21. Cross Ref link Pubmed link , , .
- 133 Merkel cells and touch domes: more than mechanosensory functions? Exp Dermatol 2014 Oct;23(10):692–5. Cross Ref link Pubmed link , , .
- 134 Epidermal Merkel cells are mechanosensory cells that tune mammalian touch receptors. Nature 2014 May 29;509(7502):617–21. Cross Ref link Pubmed link , , , et al.
- 135 Merkel cells and neurons keep in touch. Trends Cell Biol 2015 Feb;25(2):74–81. Cross Ref link Pubmed link , , .
- 136 Neuroendocrine regulation of immunity. Annu Rev Immunol 2002;20:125–63. Cross Ref link Pubmed link , , .
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- 138 Stress induced neuroendocrine‐immune plasticity: A role for the spleen in peripheral inflammatory disease and inflammaging? Dermatoendocrinology 2012 Jul 1;4(3):271–9. Cross Ref link , , .
- 139 Cannabinoid receptor 1 controls human mucosal‐type mast cell degranulation and maturation in situ. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2013 Jul;132(1):182–93. Cross Ref link Pubmed link , , , et al.
- 140 Mast cell deficient and neurokinin‐1 receptor knockout mice are protected from stress‐induced hair growth inhibition. J Mol Med (Berl) 2005 May;83(5):386–96. Cross Ref link Pubmed link , , , et al.
- 141 Mast cell‐mediated antigen presentation regulates CD8+ T cell effector functions. Immunity 2009 Oct 16;31(4):665–76. Cross Ref link Pubmed link , , , et al.
- 142 Mast cells are important modifiers of autoimmune disease: with so much evidence, why is there still controversy? Front Immunol 2012 Jun 7;3:147. Cross Ref link Pubmed link , .
- 143 IL‐33 augments substance P‐induced VEGF secretion from human mast cells and is increased in psoriatic skin. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2010 Mar 2;107(9):4448–53. Cross Ref link Pubmed link , , , et al.
- 144 Mast cells: potential positive and negative roles in tumor biology. Cancer Immunol Res 2013 Nov;1(5):269–79. Cross Ref link Pubmed link , , .
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- 146 Mast cell activity in the healing wound: more than meets the eye? Exp Dermatol 2013 Aug;22(8):507–10. Cross Ref link Pubmed link , .
- 147 Mast cells can enhance resistance to snake and honeybee venoms. Science 2006 Jul 28;313(5786):526–30. Cross Ref link Pubmed link , , , et al.
- 148 Mast cell chymase reduces the toxicity of Gila monster venom, scorpion venom, and vasoactive intestinal polypeptide in mice. J Clin Invest 2011 Oct;121(10):4180–91. Cross Ref link Pubmed link , , , et al.
- 149 Endocrine Physiology, 4th edn. New York: McGrawHill, 2013. Pubmed link .
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- 151 Handbook of Neuroendocrinology. Amsterdam: Elsevier/Academic Press, 2012. , , , eds.
- 152 Epidermal homeostasis: the role of the growth hormone and insulin‐like growth factor systems. Endocr Rev 2003 Dec;24(6):737–64. Cross Ref link Pubmed link , , , .
- 153 Hormonal regulation of hair follicles exhibits a biological paradox. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2007 Apr;18(2):274–85. Cross Ref link Pubmed link .
- 154 Skin and glucocorticoids: effects of local skin glucocorticoid impairment on skin homeostasis. Exp Dermatol 2014 Nov;23(11):807–8. Cross Ref link Pubmed link , .
- 155 Steroidogenic enzymes, their related transcription factors and nuclear receptors in human sebaceous glands under normal and pathological conditions. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2014 Oct;144 Pt B:268–79. Cross Ref link Pubmed link , , , et al.
- 156 A plaidoyer for cutaneous enzymology: our view of some important unanswered questions on the contributions of selected key enzymes to epidermal homeostasis. Exp Dermatol 2008 Jul;17(7):569–78. Cross Ref link Pubmed link , .
- 157 Estrogens and human scalp hair growth–still more questions than answers. J Invest Dermatol 2004 Mar;122(3):840–2. Cross Ref link Pubmed link , , , , .
- 158 The hormonal regulation of cutaneous wound healing. Clin Dermatol 2007 Jan–Feb;25(1):56–62. Cross Ref link Pubmed link , , .
- 159 Estrogen promotes cutaneous wound healing via estrogen receptor beta independent of its antiinflammatory activities. J Exp Med 2010 Aug 30;207(9):1825–33. Cross Ref link Pubmed link , , , et al.
- 160 Estrogen receptor‐alpha promotes alternative macrophage activation during cutaneous repair. J Invest Dermatol 2014 Sep;134(9):2447–57. Cross Ref link Pubmed link , , , et al.
- 161 Thyrotropin‐releasing hormone (TRH) promotes wound re‐epithelialisation in frog and human skin. PLOS One 2013 Sep 2;8(9):e73596. Cross Ref link Pubmed link , , , et al.
- 162 Effects of a skin neuropeptide (substance P) on cutaneous microflora. PLOS One 2013 Nov 8;8(11):e78773. Cross Ref link Pubmed link , , , et al.
- 163 Molecular aspects of skin ageing. Maturitas 2011 Jul;69(3):249–56. Cross Ref link Pubmed link , , .
- 164 Ageing skin: oestrogen receptor β agonists offer an approach to change the outcome. Exp Dermatol 2011 Nov;20(11):879–82. Cross Ref link Pubmed link , , .
- 165 Aging Hair. Berlin: Springer/Heidelberg, 2010. , , eds.
- 166 Hormonal therapy of intrinsic aging. Rejuvenation Res 2012 Jun;15(3):302–12. Cross Ref link Pubmed link , .
- 167 Characteristics of the aging skin. Adv Wound Care (New Rochelle) 2013 Feb;2(1):5–10. Cross Ref link Pubmed link , , , .
- 168 Mechanisms regulating skin immunity and inflammation. Nat Rev Immunol 2014 May;14(5):289–301. Cross Ref link Pubmed link , , .
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