X‐ray photon beams: megavoltage and kilovoltage X‐ray therapy

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Moulds, applicators and implants

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Radiosensitivity

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Benign disease

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Keloids

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Basal cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma of the skin

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  • 57  Griep C, Davelaar J, Scholten AN, et al. Electron beam therapy is not inferior to superficial x‐ray therapy in the treatment of skin carcinoma. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys1995;32:134750.Cross Ref linkPubmed link
  • 58  Silva JJ, Tsang RW, Panzarella T, et al. Results of radiotherapy for epithelial skin cancer of the pinna: the Princess Margaret Hospital experience, 1982–1993. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2000, 47:4519.Cross Ref linkPubmed link
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Radiotherapy for particular skin sites: basal cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma

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  • 79  Veness MJ, Porceddu S, Palme CE. Cutaneous head and neck squamous cell carcinoma metastatic to parotid and cervical lymph nodes. Head & Neck 2007;29:62131.Cross Ref linkPubmed link
  • 80  Jol JA, Van Velthuysen ML, Hilgers FJ. Treatment results of regional metastasis from cutaneous head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. EJSO 2002;29:816.Cross Ref link
  • 81  Audet N, Palme CE, Gullane PJ. Cutaneous metastatic squamous cell carcinoma to the parotid gland: Analysis and outcome. Head & Neck 2004;26:72732.Cross Ref linkPubmed link
  • 82  Hong TS, Kriesel KJ, Hartig GK. Parotid area lymph node metastases from cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma: Implications from diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis. Head & Neck 2005;27:8516.Cross Ref linkPubmed link
  • 83  Ch'ng S, Maitra A, Lea R. Parotid metastasis – An independent prognostic factor for head and neck cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma. J Plas Reconst & Aesthet Surg 2006;59:128893.Cross Ref link

Radiotherapy for particular skin tumours

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  • 97  Chang DT, Amdur RJ, Morris CG. Adjuvant radiotherapy for cutaneous melanoma: comparing hypofractionation to conventional fractionation. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2006;66:10515.Cross Ref linkPubmed link
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  • 108  Jabbour J, Cumming R, Scolyer RA. Merkel cell carcinoma: Assessing the effect of wide local excision, lymph node dissection, and radiotherapy on recurrence and survival in the early stage disease – results from a review of 82 consecutive cases diagnosed between 1992 and 2004. Ann Surg Oncol 2007;14:194352.Cross Ref linkPubmed link
  • 109  Veness MJ. Merkel cell carcinoma (primary cutaneous neuroendocrine carcinoma): An overview on management. Aust J Dermatol 2006;47:1605.Cross Ref link
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  • 112  Mojica P, Smith D, Ellenhorn JD. Adjuvant radiation therapy is associated with improved survival in Merkel cell carcinoma of the skin. J Clin Oncol 2007;25:10437.Cross Ref linkPubmed link
  • 113  Eich HT, Eich D, Staar S, et al. Role of postoperative radiotherapy in the management of Merkel cell carcinoma. Am J Clin Oncol 2002;25:506.Cross Ref linkPubmed link
  • 114  Medina‐Franco H, Urist MM, Fiveash J, et al. Multimodality treatment of Merkel cell carcinoma: case series and literature review of 1024 cases. Ann Surg Oncol 2001;8:2048.Cross Ref linkPubmed link
  • 115  Fenig E, Brenner B, Katz A, et al. The role of radiation therapy and chemotherapy in the treatment of Merkel cell carcinoma. Cancer 1997;80:8815.Cross Ref linkPubmed link
  • 116  Kokoska ER, Kokoska MS, Collins BT, et al. Early aggressive treatment for Merkel cell carcinoma improves outcome. Am J Surg 1997;174:68893.Cross Ref linkPubmed link
  • 117  al‐Ghazal SK, Hong A. Merkel cell carcinoma of the skin treated by primary radiotherapy. Br J Dermatol 1997;136:6401.Cross Ref linkPubmed link
  • 118  Suntharalingam M, Rudoltz MS, Mendenhall WM. Radiotherapy for Merkel cell carcinoma of the skin of the head and neck. Head & Neck 1995;17:96101.Cross Ref linkPubmed link
  • 119  Boyer JD, Zitelli JA, Brodland DG et al. Local control of primary Merkel cell carcinoma: Review of 45 cases treated with Mohs micrographic surgery with and without adjuvant radiation. J Am Acad Dermatol 2002;47:88591.Cross Ref linkPubmed link
  • 120  Morrison WH, Peters LJ, Silva EG. The essential role of radiation therapy in securing loco‐regional control of Merkel cell carcinoma. Int J Rad Oncol Biol Phys 1990;19:58391.Cross Ref link
  • 121  Mortier L, Mirabel X, Fournier C. Radiotherapy alone for primary Merkel cell carcinoma. Arch Dermatol 2003;139:158790.Cross Ref linkPubmed link
  • 122  Veness M, Foote M, Gebski V, Poulsen M. The role of radiotherapy alone in patients with Merkel cell carcinoma: reporting the Australian experience of 43 patients. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2010;78:703.Cross Ref linkPubmed link
  • 123  Pape E, Rezvoy N, Penel N, et al. Radiotherapy alone for Merkel cell carcinoma: a comparative and retrospective study of 25 patients. J Am Acad Dermatol 2011;65:983.Cross Ref linkPubmed link
  • 124  Sundaresan P, Hruby G, Hamilton A, et al. Definitive radiotherapy or chemoradiotherapy in the treatment of Merkel cell carcinoma. Clin Oncol (R Coll Radiol) 2012;24:e131.Cross Ref linkPubmed link
  • 125  Kirova YM, Belembaogo E, Frikha H. Radiotherapy in the management of epidemic Kaposi's sarcoma: a retrospective study of 643 cases. Radiother Oncol 1998;46:1922.Cross Ref linkPubmed link
  • 126  Harrison M, Harrington KJ, Tomlinson DR, Stewart JS. Response and cosmetic outcome of two fractionation regimens for AIDS‐related Kaposi's sarcoma. Radiother Oncol 1998;46:238.Cross Ref linkPubmed link
  • 127  Ballo MT, Zagars GK, Pisters P, Pollack A. The role of radiation therapy in the management of dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 1998;40:8237.Cross Ref linkPubmed link
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  • 129  Veness MJ, Quinn DI, Ong CS. Aggressive cutaneous malignancies following cardiothoracic transplantation, the Australian experience. Cancer 1999;85:175864.Cross Ref linkPubmed link
  • 130  Veness MJ, Harris D. Role of radiotherapy in the management of organ transplant recipients diagnosed with non‐melanoma skin cancers. Australas Radiol 2007;51:1220.Cross Ref linkPubmed link

Mycosis fungoides and other lymphomas

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  • 134  Neelis KJ, Schimmel EC, Vermeer MH, et al. Low‐dose palliative radiotherapy for cutaneous B‐ and T‐cell lymphomas. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2009;74(1):1548.Cross Ref linkPubmed link
  • 135  Whittaker SJ, Marsden JR, Spittle M, et al. Joint British Association of Dermatologists and U.K. Cutaneous Lymphoma Group guidelines for the management of primary cutaneous T‐cell lymphomas. Br J Dermatol 2003;149(6):1095107.Cross Ref linkPubmed link
  • 136  Morris SL. Skin lymphoma. Clin Oncol (R Coll Radiol) 2012;24(5):37185.Cross Ref linkPubmed link
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  • 138  Jones GW, Kacinski BM, Wilson LD, et al. Total skin electron radiation in the management of mycosis fungoides: Consensus of the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) Cutaneous Lymphoma Project Group. J Am Acad Dermatol 2002;47(3):36470.Cross Ref linkPubmed link
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Acute radiation reaction (acute radiodermatitis)

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Tumour recurrence after radiotherapy

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Radiation‐induced tumours and rare tumours associated with previous irradiation

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