Acquired ichthyosis

  • 1  Patel N, Spencer LA, English JC III, et al. Acquired ichthyosis. J Am Acad Dermatol 2006;55:647–56. Cross Ref link Pubmed link
  • 2  Brazzelli V, Larizza D, Muzio F, et al. Acquired ichthyosis in a child with autoimmune thyroiditis. Pediatr Dermatol 2010;27:413–14. Cross Ref link Pubmed link
  • 3  Akpinar TS, Ozkok A, Bakkaloglu OK, et al. Acquired ichthyosis as a presenting finding of Hodgkin's lymphoma. Int J Hematol 2012;96:401–2. Cross Ref link Pubmed link
  • 4  Berrady R, Baybay H, Khammar Z, et al. Acquired ichthyosis and haematological malignancies: five cases. Ann Dermatol Vénéréol 2012;139:9–14.
  • 5  Riesco Martínez MC, Muñoz Martín AJ, Zamberk Majlis P, et al. Acquired ichthyosis as a paraneoplastic syndrome in Hodgkin's disease. Clin Transl Oncol 2009;11:552–3. Cross Ref link Pubmed link
  • 6  Levy O, Tishler M. Acquired ichthyosis as the primary manifestation of renal cell carcinoma. Isr Med Assoc J 2009;11:121–2. Pubmed link
  • 7  Morizane S, Setsu N, Yamamoto T, et al. Ichthyosiform eruptions in association with primary cutaneous T‐cell lymphomas. Br J Dermatol 2009;161:115–20. Cross Ref link Pubmed link
  • 8  Harati A, Brockmeyer NH, Altmeyer P, et al. Skin disorders in association with monoclonal gammopathies. Eur J Med Res 2005;29:93–104.
  • 9  Sparsa A, Boulinguez S, Le Brun V, et al. Acquired ichthyosis with pravastatin. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2007;21:549–50. Pubmed link
  • 10  Sanli H, Akay BN, Sen BB, et al. Acquired ichthyosis associated with type 1 diabetes mellitus. Dermatoendocrinology 2009;1:34–6. Cross Ref link Pubmed link
  • 11  London RD, Lebwohl M. Acquired ichthyosis and hyperparathyroidism. J Am Acad Dermatol 1989;21:801–2. Cross Ref link Pubmed link
  • 12  Dykes PJ, Marks R. Acquired ichthyosis: multiple causes for an acquired generalized disturbance in desquamation. Br J Dermatol 1977;97:327–34. Cross Ref link Pubmed link
  • 13  Singh A, Thappa DM, Hamide A. The spectrum of mucocutaneous manifestations during the evolutionary phases of HIV disease: an emerging Indian scenario. J Dermatol 1999;26:294–304. Cross Ref link Pubmed link
  • 14  Milagres SP, Sanches JA, Milagres ACP, et al. Histopathology and immunohistochemical assessment of acquired ichthyosis in patients with human T‐cell lymphotropic virus type 1‐associated myelopathy. Br J Dermatol 2003;149:776–81. Cross Ref link Pubmed link
  • 15  Daniel DR, Rubin AI, Rabinowitz AD, et al. Acquired ichthyosis with systemic lupus erythematosus: both dermatoses in a single skin biopsy specimen. Cutis 2008;81:159–62. Pubmed link
  • 16  Lee HW, Ahn SJ, Choi JC, et al. Acquired ichthyosis associated with an overlap syndrome of systemic sclerosis and systemic lupus erythematosus. J Dermatol 2006;33:52–4. Cross Ref link Pubmed link
  • 17  Tlacuilo‐Parra JA, Guevara‐Gutiérrez E, Salazar‐Páramo M. Acquired ichthyosis associated with systemic lupus erythematosus. Lupus 2004;13:270–3. Cross Ref link Pubmed link
  • 18  Kutting B, Traupe H. Acquired ichthyosis‐like skin disease: a challenge for diagnostic evaluation. Hautarzt 1995;46:836–40. Cross Ref link Pubmed link
  • 19  Aram H. Acquired ichthyosis and related conditions. Int J Dermatol 1984;23:458–61. Pubmed link
  • 20  Elias PM, Brown BE, Ziboh VA. The permeability barrier in essential fatty acid deficiency: evidence for a direct role for linoleic acid in barrier function. J Invest Dermatol 1980;74:230–3. Cross Ref link Pubmed link
  • 21  Aggett PJ, Cavanagh HP, Matthew DJ, et al. Shwachman's syndrome: a review of 21 cases. Arch Dis Child 1980;55:331–47. Cross Ref link Pubmed link
  • 22  London RD, Lebwohl M. Acquired ichthyosis and hyperparathyroidism. J Am Acad Dermatol 1989;21:801–2. Cross Ref link Pubmed link
  • 23  Kelley BP, George DE, LeLeux TM, Hsu S. Ichthyosiform sarcoidosis: a case report and review of the literature. Dermatol Online J 2010;16(8):5. Pubmed link
  • 24  Yosipovitch G, Hodak E, Vardi P, et al. The prevalence of cutaneous manifestations in IDDM patients and their association with diabetes risk factors and microvascular complications. Diabetes Care 1998;21:506–9. Cross Ref link Pubmed link
  • 25  Monnier VM, Bautista O, Kenny D, et al. Skin collagen glycation, glycoxidation and crosslinking are lower in subjects with long‐term intensive versus conventional therapy of type I diabetes: relevance of glycated collagen products versus HbA1C as markers of diabetic complications. Diabetes 1999;48:870–80. Cross Ref link Pubmed link
  • 26  King LE, Gates RE, Stoscheck CM, Nanney LB. The EGF/TGF alpha receptor in skin. J Invest Dermatol 1990;94(Suppl.):164S–170S. Cross Ref link Pubmed link
  • 27  Takashi S, Norihiro F, Shiohama A, et al. Filaggrin loss‐of‐function mutations are not a predisposing factor for atopic dermatitis in an Ishigaki Island under subtropical climate. J Dermatol Sci 2014;76:10–15. Cross Ref link Pubmed link
  • 28  DiGiovanna JJ, Robinson‐Bostom L. Ichthyosis: etiology, diagnosis, and management. Am J Clin Dermatol 2003;4:81–95. Cross Ref link Pubmed link

Acanthosis nigricans

  • 29  Brickman WJ, Binns HJ, Jovanovic BD, Kolesky S, Mancini AJ, Metzger BE. Acanthosis nigricans: a common finding in overweight youth. Pediatr Dermatol 2007;24:601–6. Cross Ref link Pubmed link
  • 30  Otto DE, Wang X, Garza V, Fuentes LA, Rodriguez MC, Sullivan P. Increasing body mass index, blood pressure, and acanthosis nigricans abnormalities in school‐age children. J Sch Nurs 2013;29:442–51. Cross Ref link Pubmed link
  • 31  Sinha S, Schwartz RA. Juvenile acanthosis nigricans. J Am Acad Dermatol 2007;57:502–8. Cross Ref link Pubmed link
  • 32  Pattamadilok B, Devpura S, Syed ZU, et al. Quantitative skin color measurements in acanthosis nigricans patients: colorimetry and diffuse reflectance spectroscopy. Photodermatol Photoimmunol Photomed 2012;28:213–15. Cross Ref link Pubmed link
  • 33  Hud JA Jr, Cohen JB, Wagner JM, Cruz PD Jr. Prevalence and significance of acanthosis nigricans in an adult obese population. Arch Dermatol 1992;128:941–4. Cross Ref link Pubmed link
  • 34  Krawczyk M, Mykala‐Ciesla J, Kolodziej‐Jaskula A. Acanthosis nigricans as a paraneoplastic syndrome. Case reports and review of literature. Pol Arch Med Wewn 2009;119:180–3. Pubmed link
  • 35  Singh SK, Rai T. A rare case of malignant acanthosis nigricans in a lady with ovarian cancer. Indian Dermatol Online J 2013;4(2):125–7. Cross Ref link Pubmed link
  • 36  Zhang N, Qian Y, Feng AP. Acanthosis nigricans, tripe palms, and sign of Leser‐Trélat in a patient with gastric adenocarcinoma: case report and literature review in China. Int J Dermatol 2015;54:338–42. Cross Ref link Pubmed link
  • 37  Voorhees J, Goto K, Wolff C. Overweight, elevated blood pressure, acanthosis nigricans and adherence to recommended dietary and physical activity guidelines among Hmong and white middle school students. J Immigr Minor Health 2014;16:273–9. Cross Ref link Pubmed link
  • 38  Sadeghian G, Ziaie H, Amini M, et al. Evaluation of insulin reistance in obese women with and without acanthosis nigricans. J Dermatol 2009;36:209–12. Cross Ref link Pubmed link
  • 39  Scott AT, Metzig AM, Hames RK, et al. Acanthosis nigricans and oral glucose tolerance in obese children. Clin Pediatr 2010;49:69–71. Cross Ref link
  • 40  Stoddart ML, Blevins KS, Lee ET, Wang W, Blackett PR. Association of acanthosis nigricans with hyperinsulinemia compared with other selected risk factors for type 2 diabetes in Cherokee Indians: the Cherokee Diabetes Study. Diabetes Care 2002;25:1009–14. Cross Ref link Pubmed link
  • 41  Cruz PDJ, Hud JA. Excess insulin binding to insulin like growth factor receptors: proposed mechanism for acanthosis nigricans. J Invest Dermatol 1992;98:82S–85S. Cross Ref link Pubmed link
  • 42  McIntosh I, Bellus GA, Jabs EW. The pleiotropic effects of fibroblast growth factor receptors in mammalian development. Cell Struct Funct 2000;25:85–96. Cross Ref link Pubmed link
  • 43  Berk DR, Spector EB, Bayliss SJ. Familial acanthosis nigricans due to K650T FGFR3 mutation. Arch Dermatol 2007;143:1153–6. Pubmed link
  • 44  Lane SW, Manharan S, Mollee PN. Palifermin‐induced acanthosis nigricans. Intern Med J 2007;37:417–18. Cross Ref link Pubmed link
  • 45  Koyama S, Ikeda K, Sato M, et al. Transforming growth factor alpha‐producing gastric carcinoma with acanthosis nigricans: an endocrine effect of TGF alpha in the pathogenesis of cutaneous paraneoplastic syndrome and epithelial hyperplasia of the esophagus. J Gastroenterol 1997;32:71–7. Cross Ref link Pubmed link
  • 46  Sawatkar GU, Dogra S, Bhadada SK, et al. Acanthosis nigricans: an uncommon cutaneous adverse effect of a common medication. Report of two cases. Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol 2013;79:553. Pubmed link
  • 47  Mailler‐Savage EA, Adams BB. Exogenous insulin‐derived acanthosis nigricans. Arch Dermatol 2008;144:126–7. Pubmed link
  • 48  Piccolo V, Russo T, Picciocchi R, et al. Generalised idiopathic benign acanthosis nigricans in childhood. Ann Dermatol 2013;25:375–7. Cross Ref link Pubmed link
  • 49  Denadai R, Souto RM, Auada‐Souto MP. Generalised acanthosis nigricans without systemic disease associated. Dermatol Online J 2013;19(9):19614. Pubmed link
  • 50  Gönül M, Kiliç A, Cakmak SK, Gül U, Ekiz OD, Ergül G. Juvenile generalised acanthosis nigricans without any systemic disease. Pediatr Int 2009;51:595–7. Cross Ref link Pubmed link
  • 51  Schwartz RA. Acral acanthosis nigricans (acral acanthotic anaomaly). J Am Acad Dermatol 2007;65:349–50. Cross Ref link
  • 52  Jeong JS, Lee JY, Yoom TY. Unilateral nevoid acanthosis nigricans in the submammary location. Ann Dermatol 2011;23:95–7. Cross Ref link Pubmed link
  • 53  Katz RA. Treatment of acanthosis nigricans with isotretinoin. Arch Dermatol 1980;116:110–11. Cross Ref link Pubmed link
  • 54  Mir A, Wu T, Orlow SJ. Cutaneous features of Crouzon syndrome with acanthosis nigricans. JAMA Dermatol 2013;149:737–41. Cross Ref link Pubmed link
  • 55  Sharda S, Panigrahi I, Gupta K, Singhi S, Kumar R. Newborn with acanthosis nigricans: can it be Crouzon syndrome with acanthosis nigricans? Pediatr Dermatol 2010;27:43–7. Cross Ref link Pubmed link

Confluent and reticulated papillomatosis

  • 56  Gougerot H, Carteaud A. Papillomatose pigmentee inominee. Bull Soc Fr Dermatol Syphiligr 1927;34:719–21.
  • 57  Scheinfeld N. Confluent and reticulated papillomatosis: a review of the literature. Am J Clin Dermatol 2006;7:305–13. Cross Ref link Pubmed link
  • 58  Hamilton D, Tavafoghi V, Shafer JC, et al. Confluent and reticulated papillomatosis of Gougerot and Carteaud. Its relation to other papillomatoses. J Am Acad Dermatol 1980;2:401–10. Cross Ref link Pubmed link
  • 59  Davis MD, Weenig RH, Camilleri MJ. Confluent and reticulate papillomatosis (Gougerot–Caryeaud syndrome): a minocycline‐responsive dermatosis without evidence for yeast in pathogenesis. A study of 39 patients and a proposal of diagnostic criteria. Br J Dermatol 2006;154:287–93. Cross Ref link Pubmed link
  • 60  Tamraz H, Raffoul M, Kurban M, et al. Confluent and reticulated papillomatosis: clinical and histopathological study of 10 cases from Lebanon. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2013;27:e119–23. Cross Ref link Pubmed link
  • 61  Roberts SO, Lachapelle JM. Confluent and reticulate papillomatosis (Gougerot–Carteaud) and pityrosporum orbiculare. Br J Dermatol 1969;81:841–5. Cross Ref link Pubmed link
  • 62  Yesudian P, Kamalam S, Razack A. Confluent and reticulated papillomatosis (Gougerot–Carteaud). An abnormal host reaction to Malassezzia furfur. Acta Derm Venereol 1973;53:381–4.
  • 63  Natarajan S, Milne D, Jones AL, et al. Dietzia strain X: a newly described Actinomycete isolated from confluent and reticulated papillomatosis. Br J Dermatol 2005;153:825–7. Cross Ref link Pubmed link
  • 64  Kanitakis J, Zambruno G, Viac J, Thivolet J. Involucrin expression in keratinization disorders of the skin: a preliminary study. Br J Dermatol 1987;117:479–86. Cross Ref link Pubmed link
  • 65  Inalöz HS, Patel G, Knight AG. Familial confluent and reticulated papillomatosis. Arch Dermatol 2002;138:276–7. Cross Ref link Pubmed link
  • 66  Henning JP, de Wit RF. Familial occurrence of confluent and reticulated papillomatosis. Arch Dermatol 1981;117:809–10. Cross Ref link Pubmed link
  • 67  Jimbow M, Talpash O, Jimbow K. Confluent and reticulated papillomatosis: clinical, light and electron microscopic studies. Int J Dermatol 1992;31:480–3. Cross Ref link Pubmed link
  • 68  Hirokawa M, Matsumoto M, Iizuka H. Confluent and reticulated papillomatosis: a case with concurrent acanthosis nigricans associated with obesity and insulin resistance. Dermatology 1994;188:148–51. Cross Ref link Pubmed link
  • 69  Zhang CH, Zhang C, Wu J, et al. Confluent and reticulated papillomatosis associated with hyperthyroidism. Eur J Dermatol 2010;20:833–5. Pubmed link
  • 70  Lee SH, Choi EH, Lee WS, Kang WH, Bang DS. Confluent and reticulated papillomatosis: a clinical, histopathological, and electron microscopic study. J Dermatol 1991;18:725–30. Cross Ref link Pubmed link
  • 71  Kim BS, Lim HJ, Kim HY, et al. Case of minocycline‐effective confluent and reticulated papillomatosis with unusual location on forehead. J Dermatol 2009;36:251–3. Cross Ref link Pubmed link
  • 72  Lee D, Cho KJ, Hong SK, Seo JK, Hwang SW, Sung HS. Two cases of confluent and reticulated papillomatosis with an unusual location. Acta Derm Venereol 2009;89:84–5. Cross Ref link Pubmed link
  • 73  Rodriguez‐Carreon AA, Arenas‐Guzman R, Fonte‐Avalos V, et al. Confluent and reticulated Gougerot–Carteaud papillomatosis: a case report of an excellent response to minocycline. Gac Med Mex 2008;144:67–70. Pubmed link
  • 74  Jang HS, Oh CK, Cha JH, Cho SH, Kwon KS. Six cases of confluent and reticulated papillomatosis alleviated by various antibiotics. J Am Acad Dermatol 2001;44:652–5. Cross Ref link Pubmed link
  • 75  Fung MA, Frieden IJ, LeBoit PE, et al. Confluent and reticulate papillomatosis: successful treatment with minocycline. Arch Dermatol 1996;132:1400–1. Cross Ref link Pubmed link
  • 76  Gönül M, Cakmak SK, Soylu S, Kiliç A, Gül U, Ergül G. Successful treatment of confluent and reticulated papillomatosis with topical mupirocin. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2008;22:1140–2. Cross Ref link Pubmed link
  • 77  Nordby CA, Mitchell AJ. Confluent and reticulated papillomatosis responsive to selenium sulfide. Int J Dermatol 1986;25:194–9. Cross Ref link Pubmed link
  • 78  Bowman PH, Davis LS. Confluent and reticulated papillomatosis: response to tazarotene. J Am Acad Dermatol 2003;48(Suppl. 5):S80–1. Cross Ref link Pubmed link
  • 79  Carrozzo AM, Gatti S, Ferranti G, et al. Calcipotriol treatment of confluent and reticulated papillomatosis (Gougerot–Carteaud syndrome). J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2000;14:131–3. Cross Ref link Pubmed link
  • 80  Ginarte M, Fabeiro JM, Toribio J. Confluent and reticulated papillomatosis (Gougerot–Carteaud) successfully treated with tacalcitol. J Dermatol Treat 2002;13:27–30. Cross Ref link
  • 81  Lee MP, Stiller MJ, McClain SA, Shupack JL, Cohen DE. Confluent and reticulated papillomatosis: response to high‐dose oral isotretinoin therapy and reassessment of epidemiologic data. J Am Acad Dermatol 1994;31:327–31. Cross Ref link Pubmed link
  • 82  Erkek E, Ayva S, Atasoy P, Emeksiz MC. Confluent and reticulated papillomatosis: favourable response to low‐dose isotretinoin. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2009;23:1342–3. Cross Ref link Pubmed link

Pityriasis rotunda

  • 83  Zur RL, Shapero J, Shapero H. Pityriasis rotunda diagnosed in Canada: case presentation and review of literature. J Cutan Med Surg 2013;17:426–8. Pubmed link
  • 84  Findlay GH. Pityriasis rotunda in South African Bantu. Br J Dermatol 1965;77:63–4. Cross Ref link Pubmed link
  • 85  Grimalt R, Gelmetti C, Brusasco A, et al. Pityriasis rotunda: report of a familial occurrence and review of the literature. J Am Acad Dermatol 1994;31:866–71. Cross Ref link Pubmed link
  • 86  Sarkany I, Hare PJ. Pityriasis rotunda (pityriasis circinata). Br J Dermatol 1964;76:223–8. Cross Ref link Pubmed link
  • 87  Kahana M, Levy A, Ronnen M, Schewach‐Millet M, Stempler D. Pityriasis rotunda in a white patient. Report of the second case and review of the literature. J Am Acad Dermatol 1986;15:362–5. Cross Ref link Pubmed link
  • 88  DiBisceglie AM, Hodkinson HJ, Berkowitz I, et al. Pityriasis rotunda. A cutaneous marker of hepatocellular carcinoma in South African blacks. Arch Dermatol 1986;122:802–4. Cross Ref link Pubmed link
  • 89  Berkowitz I, Hodkinson HJ, Kew MC, DiBisceglie AM. Pityriasis rotunda as a cutaneous marker of hepatocellular carcinoma: a comparison with its prevalence in other diseases. Br J Dermatol 1989;120:545–9. Cross Ref link Pubmed link
  • 90  Etoh T, Nakagawa H, Ishibashi Y. Pityriasis rotunda associated with multiple myeloma. J Am Acad Dermatol 1991;24:303–4. Cross Ref link Pubmed link
  • 91  Combemale P, L'Henaff N, Guennoc B. Pityriasis rotunda. Ann Dermatol Vénéréol 1993;120:287–8.
  • 92  Swift PJ, Saxe N. Pityriasis rotunda in South Africa: a skin disease caused by undernutrition. Clin Exp Dermatol 1985;10:407–12. Cross Ref link Pubmed link

Keratosis pilaris

  • 93  Thomas M, Khopkar US. Keratosis pilaris revisited: is it more than just a follicular keratosis? Int J Trichol 2012;4:255–8. Cross Ref link
  • 94  Hwang S, Schwartz RA. Keratosis pilaris: a common follicular hyperkeratosis. Cutis 2008;82:177–80. Pubmed link
  • 95  Mevorah B, Marazzi A, Frenk E. The prevalence of accentuated palmoplantar markings and keratosis pilaris in atopic dermatitis, autosomal dominant ichthyosis and control dermatological patients. Br J Dermatol 1985;112:679–85. Cross Ref link Pubmed link
  • 96  Wang CM, Fleming KF, Hsu S. A case of vemurafinib‐induced keratosis pilaris like eruption. Dermatol Online J 2012;18:7. Pubmed link
  • 97  Yosipovitch G, De Vore A, Dawn A. Obesity and the skin: skin physiology and skin manifestations of obesity. J Am Acad Dermatol 2007;56:901–16. Cross Ref link Pubmed link
  • 98  Occella C, Gargani FF, Rampini E, et al. Sindrome di Noonan e keratosis pilaris atrophicans faciei. Minerva Pediatr 1985;37:181–6. Pubmed link
  • 99  Armour CM, Allanson JE. Further delineation of cardio‐facial‐cutaneous syndrome: clinical features of 38 patients with proven mutations. J Med Genet 2008;45:249–54. Cross Ref link Pubmed link
  • 100  Larregue M, Charoentier C, Laidet B, et al. Deficit en prolidase et en manganese. Ann Dermatol Vénéréol 1982;109:667–8.
  • 101  Finn OA, Grant PW, McCallum DI, et al. A singular dermatosis of Mongols. Arch Dermatol 1978;114:1493–4. Cross Ref link Pubmed link
  • 102  Marks R. Follicular hyperkeratosis and ocular abnormalities associated with Fairbanks syndrome. Br J Dermatol 1967;79:118–19. Pubmed link
  • 103  Perry HO, Su WP. Olmsted syndrome. Semin Dermatol 1995;14:145–51. Cross Ref link Pubmed link
  • 104  Guiller G, Sanciaume C, Hehunester JP, et al. Keratose pilare generalisee et hypervitaminose A chez une enfant insuffisante renale. Ann Dermatol Vénéréol 1982;109:1061–6.
  • 105  Carnabuci GJ, Rosenberg PE. Monilethrix and keratosis pilaris. Arch Dermatol 1967;96:594.
  • 106  Leachman SA, Kaspar RL, Fleckman P, et al. Clinical and pathological features of pachyonychia congenita. J Investig Dermatol Symp Proc 2005;10:3–17. Cross Ref link Pubmed link
  • 107  Halal F, Seeton N, Wang NS. A distinct type of hydrotic ectodermal dysplasia. Am J Med Genet 1991;38:552–6. Cross Ref link Pubmed link
  • 108  Whittaker SJ, Griffiths WAD. Erythromelanosis follicularis faciei et colli. Clin Exp Dermatol 1987;12:33–5. Cross Ref link Pubmed link
  • 109  Wakelin SH, Lipscombe T, Orton DI, et al. Lithium induced follicular hyperkeratosis. Clin Exp Dermatol 1996;21:296–8. Cross Ref link Pubmed link
  • 110  Baden HP, Byers HR. Clinical findings, cutaneous pathology and response to therapy in 21 patients with keratosis pilaris atrophicans. Arch Dematol 1994;130:469–75. Cross Ref link
  • 111  Nazarenko SA, Ostroverkhova NV, Vasileva EO, et al. Keratosis pilaris and ulerythema ophryogenes associated with an 18p deletion caused by a Y/18 translocation. Am J Med Genet 1999;85:179–82. Cross Ref link Pubmed link
  • 112  Poskitt L, Wilkinson JD. Natural history of keratosis pilaris. Br J Dermatol 1994;130:711–13. Cross Ref link Pubmed link
  • 113  Lalit G, Anubhav G, Kumar KA, et al. Familial erythromelanosis follicularis faciei et colli with extensive keratosis pilaris. Int J Dermatol 2011;50:1400–1. Cross Ref link Pubmed link
  • 114  Sardana K, Relhan V, Garg V, et al. An observational analysis of erythromelanosis follicularis faciei et colli. Clin Exp Dermatol 2008;33:333–6. Cross Ref link Pubmed link
  • 115  Augustine M, Jayaseelan E. Erythromelanosis follicularis faciei et colli: relationship with keratosis pilaris. Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol 2008;74:47–9. Cross Ref link Pubmed link
  • 116  Dianzani C, Pizzuti A, Gaspardini F, et al. Ulerythema ophryogenes, a rare and often misdiagnosed syndrome: analysis of an idiopathic case. Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol 2011;24:523–7. Pubmed link
  • 117  Oranje AP, van Osch LDM, Oosterwijk JC. Keratosis pilaris atrophicans: one heterogeneous disease or a symptom in different clinical entities? Arch Dermatol 1994;130:500–2. Cross Ref link Pubmed link
  • 118  Sequeira FF, Jayaseelan E. Keratosis follicularis spinulosa decalvans in a female. Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol 2011;77:325–7. Cross Ref link Pubmed link
  • 119  Luria RB, Conologue T. Atrophoderma vermiculatum: a case report and review of the literature on keratosis pilaris atrophicans. Cutis 2009;83:83–6. Pubmed link
  • 120  Golusin Z, Jovanovic M, Poliacki M. Atrophic pilar keratosis of the face: case report. Med Pregl 2001;54:486–9. Pubmed link
  • 121  Novick NL. Practical management of widespread, atypical keratosis pilaris. J Am Acad Dermatol 1984;11:305–6. Cross Ref link Pubmed link
  • 122  Alcántara González J, Boixeda P, Truchuelo Díez MT, et al. Keratosis pilaris rubra and keratosis pilaris atrophicans faciei treated with pulsed dye laser: report of 10 cases. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2011;25:710–14. Cross Ref link Pubmed link
  • 123  Rodríguez‐Lojo R, Pozo JD, Barja JM, et al. Keratosis pilaris atrophicans: treatment with intense pulsed light in four patients. J Cosmet Laser Ther 2010;12:188–90. Cross Ref link Pubmed link
  • 124  Apalla Z, Karakatsanis G, Papageorgiou M, Kastoridou C, Chaidemenos G. A case of atrophoderma vermiculatum responding to systemic isotretinoin. J Dermatol Case Rep 2009 Dec 30;3(4):62–3. Pubmed link

Lichen spinulosus

  • 125  Boyd AS. Lichen spinulosus: case report and overview. Cutis 1989;43:557–60. Pubmed link
  • 126  Venkatesh A, Dupuis E, Prajapati V, Rao J. Generalized lichen spinulosus in a 4‐year old boy without systemic disease. Arch Dermatol 2012;148:865–6. Cross Ref link Pubmed link
  • 127  Friedman SJ. Lichen spinulosus. Clinicopathologic review of thirty‐five cases. J Am Acad Dermatol 1990;22:261–4. Cross Ref link Pubmed link
  • 128  Adamson HG. On a form of chronic superficial dermatitis in circumscribed patches with symmetrical distribution occurring in children. Br J Dermatol 1908;20:109–22. Cross Ref link
  • 129  Cohen SJ, Dicken CH. Generalized lichen spinulosus in an HIV‐positive man. J Am Acad Dermatol 1991;25:116–18. Cross Ref link Pubmed link
  • 130  Kano Y, Orihara M, Yagita A, Shiohara T. Lichen spinulosus in a patient with Crohn's disease. Int J Dermatol 1995;34:670–1. Cross Ref link Pubmed link
  • 131  Kabashima R, Sugita K, Kabashima K, et al. Lichen spinulosus in an alcoholic patient. Acta Derm Venereol 2009;89:311–12. Cross Ref link Pubmed link
  • 132  Maiocco KJ, Miller OF. Lichen spinulosus: response to therapy. Cutis 1976;17:294–9. Pubmed link
  • 133  Forman SB, Hudgins EM, Blaylock WK. Lichen spinulosus: excellent response to tretinoin gel and hydroactive adhesive applications. Arch Dermatol 2007;143:122–3. Cross Ref link Pubmed link
  • 134  Kim SH, Kang JH, Seo JK, et al. Successful treatment of lichen spinulosus with topical tacalcitol cream. Pediatr Dermatol 2010;27:546–7. Cross Ref link Pubmed link

Keratosis circumscripta

  • 135  Shrank AB. Keratosis circumscripta. Arch Dermatol 1966;93:408–10. Cross Ref link Pubmed link
  • 136  Soyinka F, Laja AO. Keartosis circumscripta. A distinct dermatological entity or a variant of psoriasis? Dermatologica 1978;156:341–50. Cross Ref link Pubmed link
  • 137  Verhagen AR, Soyinka F, Laja AO. Keratosis circumscripta. Dermatologica 1979;153:182–3. Cross Ref link
  • 138  Brumwell EP, Murphy SJ. Keratosis circumscripta revisited: a case report and review of the literature. Cutis 2007;79:363–6. Pubmed link
  • 139  Shams M, Blalock TW, Davis LS. Keratosis circumscripta: a unique case and review of the literature. Int J Dermatol 2011;50:1259–61. Cross Ref link Pubmed link

Phrynoderma

  • 140  Nicholls L. Phrynoderma: a condition due to vitamin deficiency. Indian Med Gaz 1933;68:681–7.
  • 141  West KP Jr, Mehra S. Vitamin A intake and status in populations facing economic stress. J Nutr 2010;140:201S–207S. Cross Ref link Pubmed link
  • 142  Ayyangar MC. Phrynoderma and nutritional deficiency. Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol 1967;33:13–24.
  • 143  Ocón J, Cabrejas C, Altemir J, Moros M. Phrynoderma: a rare dermatologic complication of bariatric surgery. J Parenter Enteral Nutr 2012;36:361–4. Cross Ref link
  • 144  Barr DJ, Riley RJ, Greco DJ. Bypass phrynoderma. Vitamin A deficiency associated with bowel‐bypass surgery. Arch Dermatol 1984;120:919–21. Cross Ref link Pubmed link
  • 145  Bleasel NR, Stapleton KM, Lee M, Sullivan J. Vitamin A deficiency phrynoderma: due to malabsorption and inadequate diet. J Am Acad Dermatol 1999;41(2 Suppl.):322–4. Cross Ref link Pubmed link
  • 146  Beisel WR. Single nutrients and immunity. Am J Clin Nutr 1982;35(2 Suppl.):417–68. Pubmed link
  • 147  Chandra RK. Nutrition and immunity. Trop Geogr Med 1988;40:S46–51. Pubmed link
  • 148  Ragunatha S, Kumar VJ, Murugesh SB. A clinical study of 125 patients with phrynoderma. Indian J Dermatol 2011;56:389–92. Cross Ref link Pubmed link
  • 149  Armstrong AW, Setyadi HG, Liu V, Strasswimmer J. Follicular eruption on arms and legs. Phrynoderma. Arch Dermatol 2008;144:1509–14. Pubmed link
  • 150  Nakjang Y, Yuttanavivat T. Phrynoderma: a review of 105 cases. J Dermatol 1988;15:531–4. Cross Ref link Pubmed link
  • 151  Smith J, Steinemann TL. Vitamin A deficiency and the eye. Int Ophthalmol Clin 2000;40:83–91. Cross Ref link Pubmed link
  • 152  Standing Committee on the Scientific Evaluation of Dietary Reference Intakes of the Food and Nutrition Board, Institute of Medicine, National Academy of Sciences. Dietary reference intakes for vitamin A, vitamin K, arsenic, boron, chromium, copper, iodine, iron, manganese, molybdenum, nickel, silicon, vanadium, and zinc. Washington, DC: National Academy Press, 2001.
  • 153  Murthy SR and Prabhakaran VC. Phrynoderma and night blindness. Indian J Ophthalmol 2010 Mar–Apr;58(2)175–6. Cross Ref link Pubmed link

Trichodysplasia spinulosa

  • 154  Haycox CL, Kim S, Fleckman P, et al. Trichodysplasia spinulosa: a newly described folliculocentric viral infection in an immunocompromised host. J Investig Dermatol Symp Proc 1999;4:268–71. Cross Ref link Pubmed link
  • 155  Schwieger‐Briel A, Balma‐Mena A, Ngan B, et al. Trichodyplasia spinulosa: a rare complication in immunocompromised patients. Pediatr Dermatol 2010;27:509–13. Cross Ref link Pubmed link
  • 156  Blake BP, Marathe KS, Mohr MB, et al. Viral‐associated trichodysplasia of immunosuppression in a renal transplant patient. J Drugs Dermatol 2011;10:422–4. Pubmed link
  • 157  Lee JS, Fredericksen P, Kossard S. Progressive trichodysplasia spinulosa in a patients with chronic lymphocytic leukaemia in remission. Austalas J Dermatol 2008;49:57–60. Cross Ref link
  • 158  Moktefi A, Laude H, Brudy Gulphe L, et al. Trichodysplasia spinulosa associated with lupus. Am J Dermatopathol 2014;36:e70–4. Cross Ref link Pubmed link
  • 159  Kazem S, van der Meijden E, Kooijman S, et al. Trichodysplasia spinulosa characterised by active polyomavirus infection. J Clin Virol 2012;53:225–30. Cross Ref link Pubmed link
  • 160  Fischer MK, Kao GF, Nguyen HP, et al. Specific detection of trichodysplasia spinulosa‐associated polyoma virus DNA in skin and renal allograft tissues in a patient with trichodysplasia spinulosa. Arch Dermatol 2012;148:726–33. Cross Ref link Pubmed link
  • 161  van der Meijden E, Kazem S, Burgers MM, et al. Seroprevalence of trichodysplasia spinulosa‐associated polyomavirus. Emerg Infect Dis 2011;17:1355–63. Pubmed link
  • 162  Holzer AM, Hughey LL. Trichodysplasia of immunosuppression successfully treated with volganciclovir. J Am Acad Ddermatol 2009;60:169–72. Cross Ref link
  • 163  Spiring LC, Tomaszewski MM, Thomas DA. Viral‐associated tichodysplasia in patients who are immunocompromised. J Am Acad Dermatol 2004;50:318–22. Cross Ref link Pubmed link
  • 164  Campbell RM, Ney A, Gohh R, et al. Spiny hyperkeratotic projections on the face and extremities of a kidney transplant recipient. Arch Dermatol 2006;142:1643–8. Pubmed link
  • 165  Blake BP, Marathe KS, Mohr MR, et al. Viral‐associated trichodysplasia of immunosuppression in a renal transplant patient. J Drugs Dermatol 2011;10:422–4. Pubmed link

Flegel disease

  • 166  Flegel H. Hyperkeratosis lenticularis perstans. Dermatologica 1958;9:362–4.
  • 167  Bean SF. The genetics of hyperkeratosis lenticularis perstans. Arch Dermatol 1972;106:72. Cross Ref link Pubmed link
  • 168  Krishnan A, Kar S. Hyperkeratosis lenticularis perstans (Flegel's disease) with unusual clinical presentation. Response to isotretinoin therapy. J Dermatol 2012;6:93–5.
  • 169  Rosdahl I, Rosen K. Hyperkeratosis lenticularis perstans: report on three cases. Acta Derm Venereol 1985;65:562‐4. Pubmed link
  • 170  Kanitakis J, Hermier C, Hokayem D, et al. Hyperkeratosis lenticularis perstans (Flegel's disease). A light and electron microscope study of involved and uninvolved epidermis. Dermatologica 1987;174:96–101. Cross Ref link Pubmed link
  • 171  Jang KA, Choi JH, Sung KJ, et al. Hyperkeratosis lenticularis perstans (Flegel's disease): histologic, immunohistochemical, and ultrastructural features in a case. Am J Dermatopathol 1999;21:395–8. Cross Ref link Pubmed link
  • 172  Buchner SA. Hyperkeratosis lenticularis perstans (Flegel's disease). In situ characterization of T cell subsets and Langerhans cells. Acta Derm Venereol 1988;68:341–5. Pubmed link
  • 173  Bean S. Hyperkeratosis lenticularis perstans: a clinical, histopathologic, and genetic study. Arch Dermatol 1969;99:705–9. Cross Ref link Pubmed link
  • 174  Price ML, Wilson Jones E, MacDonald DM. A clinicopathological study of Flegel's disease (hyperkeratosis lenticularis perstans). Br J Dermatol 1987;116:681–91. Cross Ref link Pubmed link
  • 175  Miljkovic J. An unusual generalized form of hyperkeratosis lenticularis perstans. Wien Klin Wochenschr 2004;116(Suppl. 2):78–80. Pubmed link
  • 176  Wilson PD, Ive FA. Treatment of hyperkeratosis lenticularis perstans (Flegel) with topical fluorouracil. Dermatologica 1980;160:337–40. Cross Ref link Pubmed link
  • 177  Langer K, Zonzits E, Konrad K. Hyperkeratosis lenticularis perstans (Flegel's disease). Ultrastructural study of lesional and perilesional skin and therapeutic trial of topical tretinoin versus 5‐fluorouracil. J Am Acad Dermatol 1992;27:812–16. Cross Ref link Pubmed link
  • 178  Pearson LH, Smith JG Jr, Chalker DK. Hyperkeratosis lenticularis perstans (Flegel's disease). Case report and literature review. J Am Acad Dermatol 1987;16:190–5. Cross Ref link Pubmed link
  • 179  Cunha Filho RR, Almeida HL Jr. Hyperkeratosis lenticularis perstans. An Bras Dermatol 2011;86(4 Suppl. 1):S76–7. Cross Ref link Pubmed link
  • 180  Duschet P, Schwarz T, Gshnait F, et al. Hyperkeratosis lenticularis perstans (Flegel's disease). Hautarzt 1985;36:299–301. Pubmed link
  • 181  Blaheta HJ, Metzler G, Rassner G, Garbe C. Hyperkeratosis lenticularis perstans (Flegel's disease): lack of response to treatment with tacalcitol and calcipotriol. Dermatology 2001;202:255–8. Cross Ref link Pubmed link
  • 182  Metze D, Lubke D, Luger T. [Hyperkeratosis lenticularis perstans (Flegel's disease): a complex disorder of epidermal differentiation with good response to a synthetic vitamin D3 derivate.] Hautarzt 2000;51:31–5. Cross Ref link Pubmed link

Multiple minute digitate keratoses

  • 183  Goldstein N. Multiple minute digitate hyperkeratoses. Arch Dermatol 1967;96:692–3. Cross Ref link Pubmed link
  • 184  Ramselaar C, Toonstra J. Multiple minute digitate hyperkeratoses: report of two cases with an updated review and proposal for a new classification. Eur J Dermatol 1999;9:460–5. Pubmed link
  • 185  Wilkinson SM, Wilkinson N, Chalmers RJG. Multiple minute digitate keratoses: a transient, sporadic variant. J Am Acad Dermatol 1994;31:802–3. Cross Ref link Pubmed link
  • 186  Miller A, Aires D, Fraga G. Multiple minute digitate hyperkeratoses: a case report. Dermatol Online J 2011;17(5):1. Pubmed link
  • 187  Benoldi D, Zucchi A, Allegra F. Multiple minute digitate hyperkeratoses. Clin Exp Dermatol 1993;18:261–2. Cross Ref link Pubmed link
  • 188  Ferandiz C, Savall R, Baumann E. Multiple minute digitate hyperkeratosis (a paraneoplastic system?). Med Cutan Ibero Lat Am 1978;6:279–83. Pubmed link
  • 189  Bordel‐Gomez M. Palmoplantar spiny keratoderma associated with chronic lymphoid leukaemia. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2008;22:1507–8. Cross Ref link Pubmed link
  • 190  Handa Y, Sakakibara A, Araki M, et al. Spiny keratoderma of the palms and soles: report of two cases. Eur J Dermatol 2000;10:542–5. Pubmed link
  • 191  Balus L, Donati P, Amantea A, et al. Multiple minute digitate hyperkeratosis. J Am Acad Dermatol 1988;18:431–6. Cross Ref link Pubmed link
  • 192  Caccetta TP, Dessauvagie B, McCallum D, Kumarasinghe SP. Multiple minute digitate hyperkeratosis: a proposed algorithm for the digitate keratoses. J Am Acad Dermatol 2012;67:e49–55. Cross Ref link Pubmed link

Porokeratoses

  • 193  Sertznig P, von Felbert V, Megahed M. Porokeratosis: present concepts. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2012;26:404–12. Cross Ref link Pubmed link
  • 194  Ferreira FR, Nogueira Santos LD, Nogueira Mendes Tagliarini FA, Lanzoni de Alvarenga Lira M. Porokeratosis of Mibelli: literature review and a case report. An Bras Dermatol 2013;88(6 Suppl. 1):179–82. Cross Ref link Pubmed link
  • 195  Dover JS, Phillips TJ, Burns DA. Disseminated superficial actinic porokeratosis: coexistence with other porokeratotic variants. Arch Dermatol 1986;122:887–9. Cross Ref link Pubmed link
  • 196  Cho E, Lee YB, Park HJI, et al. Coexistence of congenital linear porokeratosis and disseminated superficial actinic porokeratosis. Australas J Dermatol 2012;53:e30–1. Cross Ref link Pubmed link
  • 197  Touitou I, Galeotti C, Rossi‐Semerano L, Hentgen V, Piram M, Koné‐Paut I. The expanding spectrum of rare monogenic autoinflammatory diseases. Orphanet J Rare Dis 2013;8:162. Cross Ref link Pubmed link
  • 198  Rodriguez EA, Jakubowicz S, Chinchilla DA, et al. Porokeratosis of Mibelli and HIV infection. Int J Dermatol 1996;35:402–4. Cross Ref link Pubmed link
  • 199  Morton CA, Shuttleworth D, Douglas WS. Porokeratosis and Crohn's disease. J Am Acad Dermatol 1995;32:894–7. Cross Ref link Pubmed link
  • 200  Nakamura M, Fukamachi S, Tokura Y. Acute onset disseminated superficial porokeratosis associated with exacerbation of diabetes mellitus due to development of anti‐insulin antibodies. Dermatoendocrinology 2010;2:17–18. Cross Ref link
  • 201  Hunt SJ, Sharra WG, Abell E. Linear and punctate porokeratosis associated with end‐stage liver disease. J Am Acad Dermatol 1991;25:937–9. Cross Ref link Pubmed link
  • 202  Hernandes MH, Lai CH, Mallory SB. Disseminated porokeratosis associated with chronic renal failure: a new type of disseminated porokeratosis? Arch Dermatol 2000;136:1568–9. Cross Ref link
  • 203  Cannavo SP, Borgia F, Adamo B, et al. Simultaneous development and parallel course of disseminated superficial porokeratosis and ovarian cancer: coincidental association or true paraneoplastic syndrome? J Am Acad Dermatol 2008;58:657–60. Cross Ref link Pubmed link
  • 204  Fernandez‐Flores A. Small lesions of porokeratosis show a normal proliferation rate with MIB‐1. Acta Dermatovenerol Alp Pannonica Adriat 2008;17:22–5. Pubmed link
  • 205  Kamata Y, Maejima H, Watarai A, et al. Expression of bleomycin hydrolase in keratinization disorders. Arch Dermatol Res 2012;304:31–8. Cross Ref link Pubmed link
  • 206  Otsuka F, Chi HI, Shima A. Cytological demonstration of abnormal DNA ploidy in the epidermis of porokeratosis. Arch Dermatol Res 1988;230:61–3. Cross Ref link
  • 207  Zhang SQ, Jiang T, Li M, et al. Exome sequencing identifies MVK mutations in disseminated superficial actinic porokeratosis. Nat Genet 2012;44:1156–60. Cross Ref link Pubmed link
  • 208  Kanitakis J, Euvrard S, Faure M, et al. Porokeratosis and immunosuppression. Eur J Dermatol 1998;8:459–65. Pubmed link
  • 209  Luan J, Niu Z, Zhang J, et al. A novel locus for disseminated superficial actinic porokeratosis maps to chromosome 16q24.1–24.3. Hum Genet 2011;129:329–34. Cross Ref link Pubmed link
  • 210  Koley S, Sarkar J, Choudhary S, et al. Different morphological variants of hypertrophic porokeratosis and disseminated lesions of porokeratosis of Mibelli: a rare co‐existence. Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol 2011;77:199–202. Cross Ref link Pubmed link
  • 211  Happle R. Cancer proneness of linear porokeratosis may be explained by allelic loss. Dermatology 1997;195:20–5. Cross Ref link Pubmed link
  • 212  Chen TJ, Chou YC, Chen CH, Kuo TT, Hong HS. Genital porokeratosis: a series of 10 patients and review of the literature. Br J Dermatol 2006;155:325–9. Cross Ref link Pubmed link
  • 213  Robinson JB, Im DD, Jockle G, et al. Vulvar porokeratosis: case report and review of the literature. Int J Gynecol Pathol 1999;18:169–73. Cross Ref link Pubmed link
  • 214  McGuigan K, Shurman D, Campanelli C, et al. Porokeratosis ptychotropica: a clinically distinct variant of porokeratosis. J Am Acad Dermatol 2009;60:501–3. Cross Ref link Pubmed link
  • 215  Hong J‐B, Hsiao C‐H, Chu C‐Y. Systematized linear porokeratosis: a rare variant of diffuse porokeratosis with good response to systemic acitretin. J Am Acad Dermatol 2009;60:713–15. Cross Ref link Pubmed link
  • 216  Patrizi A, Passarini B, Minghetti G, et al. Porokeratosis palmaris et plantaris disseminata: an unusual clinical presentation. J Am Acad Dermatol 1989;21:415–18. Cross Ref link Pubmed link
  • 217  Chouery E, Guissart C, Mégarbané H, et al. Craniosynostosis, anal anomalies and porokeratosis (CDAGS syndrome): case report and literature review. Eur J Med Genet 2013;56:674–7. Cross Ref link Pubmed link
  • 218  Sander CA, Pfeiffer C, Kligman AM, et al. Chemotherapy for disseminated actinic keratoses with 5‐fluorouracil and isotretinoin. J Am Acad Dermatol 1997;36:236–8. Cross Ref link Pubmed link
  • 219  Harrison S, Sinclair R. Porokeratosis of Mibelli: successful treatment with topical 5% imiquimod cream. Australas J Dermatol 2003;44:281–3. Cross Ref link Pubmed link
  • 220  Kim HS, Baek JH, Park YM, et al. Photodynamic therapy combined with CO2 laser vaporization on disseminated superficial actinic porokeratosis: a report of 2 cases on the face. Ann Dermatol 2011;23(Suppl. 2):S211–13. Cross Ref link Pubmed link
  • 221  Marks S, Varma R, Cantrell W, et al. Diclofenac sodium 3% gel as a potential treatment for disseminated superficial actinic porokeratosis. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2009;23:42–5. Cross Ref link Pubmed link
  • 222  Bakardzhiev I, Kavaklieva S, Pehlivanov G. Successful treatment of disseminated superficial actinic porokeratosis with calcipotriol. Int J Dermatol 2012;5:1139–42. Cross Ref link
  • 223  Garg T, Ramchander, Varghese B, et al. Generalized linear porokeratosis: a rare entity with excellent response to acitretin. Dermatol Online J 2011;17(5):3. Pubmed link

Transient acantholytic dermatosis

  • 224  Grover RW. Transient acantholytic dermatosis. Arch Dermatol 1970;101:426–34. Cross Ref link Pubmed link
  • 225  Streit M, Paredes BE, Braathen LR, et al. [Transitory acantholytic dermatosis (Grover disease). An analysis of the clinical spectrum based on 21 histologically assessed cases.] Hautarzt 2000;51:244–9. Pubmed link
  • 226  Eaver J, Bergfeld WF. Grovers disease (transient acantholytic dermatosis). Arch Pathol Lab Med 2009;133:1490–4. Pubmed link
  • 227  Davis MD, Dinneen AM, Landa N, et al. Grover's disease: clinicopathologic review of 72 cases. Mayo Clin Proc 1999;74:229–34. Cross Ref link Pubmed link
  • 228  Phillips C, Kalantari‐Dehaghi M, Marchenko S, et al. Is Grover's disease an autoimmune dermatosis? Exp Dermatol 2013;22:781–4. Cross Ref link Pubmed link
  • 229  Scheinfeld N, Mones J. Seasonal variation of transient acantholytic dyskeratosis (Grover's disease). J Am Acad Dermatol 2006;55:263–8. Cross Ref link Pubmed link
  • 230  French LE, Piletta PA, Etienne A, et al. Incidence of transient acantholytic dermatosis (Grover's disease) in a hospital setting. Dermatology 1999;198:410–11. Pubmed link
  • 231  Fernandez‐Figueras MT, Puig L, Cannata P, et al. Grover disease: a reappraisal of histopathological diagnostic criteria in 120 cases. Am J Dermatopathol 2010;32:541–9. Cross Ref link Pubmed link
  • 232  El Shabrawi‐Caelen L, Rütten A, Kerl H. The expanding spectrum of Galli‐Galli disease. J Am Acad Dermatol 2007;56(5 Suppl.):S86–91. Cross Ref link Pubmed link
  • 233  Helfman RJ, Gables C. Grover's disease treated with isotretinoin. J Am Acad Dermatol 1985;12:981–4. Cross Ref link Pubmed link
  • 234  Breuckmann F, Appelhans C, Altmeyer P, et al. Medium‐dose ultraviolet A1 phototherapy in transient acantholytic dermatosis (Grover's disease). J Am Acad Dermatol 2005;52:169–70. Cross Ref link Pubmed link
  • 235  Norman R, Chau V. Use of etanercept in treating pruritus and preventing new lesions in Grover's disease. J Am Acad Dermatol 2011;64:796–8. Cross Ref link Pubmed link
  • 236  Liu S, Letada PR. Successful novel treatment of recalcitrant transient acantholytic dermatosis (Grover's disease) using red light 5‐aminolevulinic acid photodynamic therapy. Dermatol Surg 2013;39:960–1. Cross Ref link Pubmed link

Keratolysis exfoliativa

  • 237  Wende GW. Keratolysis exfoliativa. J Cutan Dis 1919;37:174.
  • 238  Chang YY, van der Velden J, van der Wier G, et al. Keratolysis exfoliativa (dyshidrosis lamellose sicca): a distinct peeling entity. Br J Dermatol 2012;167:1076–84. Cross Ref link Pubmed link

Xerosis cutis and asteatosis

  • 239  Berry N, Charmeil C, Goujon C, et al. A clinical, biometrological and ultrastructural study of xerotic skin. Int J Cosmet Sci 1999;21:241–52. Cross Ref link Pubmed link
  • 240  Wesley NO, Maibach HI. Racial (ethnic) differences in skin properties: the objective data. Am J Clin Dermatol 2003;4:843–60. Cross Ref link Pubmed link
  • 241  Jensen JM, Förl M, Winoto‐Morbach S, et al. Acid and neutral sphingomyelinase, ceramide synthase, and acid ceramidase activities in cutaneous aging. Exp Dermatol 2005;14:609–18. Cross Ref link Pubmed link
  • 242  Choi EH, Man MQ, Xu P, et al. Stratum corneum acidification is impaired in moderately aged human and murine skin. J Invest Dermatol 2007;127:2847–56. Cross Ref link Pubmed link
  • 243  Engelke M, Jensen JM, Ekanayake‐Mudiyanselage S, Proksch E. Effects of xerosis and ageing on epidermal proliferation and differentiation. Br J Dermatol 1997;137:219–25. Cross Ref link Pubmed link
  • 244  Ghadially R, Brown BE, Sequeira‐Martin SM, et al. The aged epidermal permeability barrier. Structural, functional and lipid biochemical abnormalities in humans and a senescent murine model. J Clin Invest 1995;95:2281–90. Cross Ref link Pubmed link
  • 245  Simon M, Bernard D, Minondo AM, et al. Persistence of both peripheral and non‐peripheral corneodesmosomes in the upper stratum corneum of winter xerosis skin versus only peripheral in normal skin. J Invest Dermatol 2001;116:23–30. Cross Ref link Pubmed link
  • 246  Dunn LB, Damesyn M, Moore AA, Reuben DB, Greendale GA. Does estrogen prevent skin aging? Results from the First National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES I). Arch Dermatol 1997;133:339–42. Cross Ref link Pubmed link
  • 247  Li LF, Lan YZ. Bathing and generalized asteatotic eczema: a case‐control study. Br J Dermatol 2008;159:243–5. Cross Ref link Pubmed link
  • 248  Valentine J, Belum VR, Duran J, et al. Incidence and risk of xerosis with targeted anticancer therapies. J Am Acad Dermatol 2015;72:656–67. Cross Ref link Pubmed link
  • 249  Schulz P, Bunselmeyer B, Brautigam M, Luger TA. Pimecrolimus cream 1% is effective in asteatotic eczema: results of a randomized, double‐blind, vehicle‐controlled study in 40 patients J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2007;21:90–4. Cross Ref link Pubmed link
  • 250  Wollina U. The role of topical calcineurin inhibitors for skin diseases other than atopic dermatitis. Am J Clin Dermatol 2007;8:157–73. Cross Ref link Pubmed link

Acute epidermal distension and acute oedema blisters

  • 251  Cox NH, Chalmers RJG, Bhushan M. The acute edema/cutaneous distension syndrome. Arch Dermatol 2003;139:224–5. Cross Ref link Pubmed link
  • 252  Bhushan M, Chalmers RJ, Cox NH. Acute oedema blisters: a report of 13 cases. Br J Dermatol 2001;144:580–2. Cross Ref link Pubmed link
  • 253  Wiesen J, Gonzalez‐Estrada A, Auron M. Postangioedema attack skin blisters: an unusual presentation of hereditary angioedema. BMJ Case Rep 2014; doi: 10.1136/bcr‐2013‐201482. Pubmed link
  • 254  Fernández Romero D, Di Marco P, Malbrán A. Acute edema blisters in a hereditary angioedema cutaneous attack. Allergol Immunopathol (Madr) 2008;36:182–3. Cross Ref link Pubmed link
  • 255  Gniadecka M. Localization of dermal edema in lipodermatosclerosis, lymphedema, and cardiac insufficiency. High‐frequency ultrasound examination of intradermal echogenicity. J Am Acad Dermatol 1996;35:37–41. Cross Ref link Pubmed link
  • 256  Gniadecka M, Quistorff B. Assessment of dermal water by high‐frequency ultrasound: comparative studies with nuclear magnetic resonance. Br J Dermatol 1996;135:218–24. Cross Ref link Pubmed link
  • 257  Bhushan M, Cox NH, Chalmers RJG. Eczéma craquelé resulting from acute oedema: a report of seven cases. Br J Dermatol 2001;145:355–7. Cross Ref link Pubmed link
  • 258  Ishiguro N, Kawashima M. Striae‐like epidermal distension: a newly recognized cutaneous manifestation in acute leg edema. Arch Dermatol 2002;138:641–2. Cross Ref link Pubmed link