Introduction

  • 1  Läuchli S, Bayard I, Hafner J, et al. Healing times and the need for hospitalization for leg ulcers of different etiologies [in German]. Hautarzt 2013;64:917–22.Cross Ref linkPubmed link
  • 2  Jockenhöfer F, Gollnick H, Herberger K, et al. Aetiology, comorbidities and cofactors of chronic leg ulcers: retrospective evaluation of 1000 patients from 10 specialised dermatological wound care centers in Germany. Int Wound J 2014, epub ahead of print.

Venous leg ulcer

  • 3  Eklöf B, Rutherford RB, Bergan JJ, et al. Revision of the CEAP classification for chronic venous disorders: consensus statement. J Vasc Surg 2004;40:1248–52.Cross Ref linkPubmed link
  • 4  Jockenhöfer F, Gollnick H, Herberger K, et al. Aetiology, comorbidities and cofactors of chronic leg ulcers: retrospective evaluation of 1000 patients from 10 specialised dermatological wound care centers in Germany. Int Wound J 2014, epub ahead of print.
  • 5  Romanelli M, Miteva M, Romanelli P, et al. Use of diagnostics in wound management. Curr Opin Support Palliat Care 2013;7:106–10.Cross Ref linkPubmed link
  • 6  Passmann MA, McLafferty RB, Lentz MF. Validation of Venous Clinical Severity Score (VCSS) with other venous severity assessment tools from the American Venous Forum, National Venous Screening Program. J Vasc Surg 2011;54(Suppl. 6):S2–9.Cross Ref link
  • 7  Mauck KF, Asi N, Elraiyah TA, et al. Comparative systematic review and meta‐analysis of compression modalities for the promotion of venous ulcer healing and reducing ulcer recurrence. J Vasc Surg 2014;60(Suppl. 2):S71–90.Cross Ref link
  • 8  Amsler F, Willenberg T, Blättler W. In search of optimal compression therapy for venous leg ulcers: a meta‐analysis of studies comparing diverse bandages with specifically designed stockings. J Vasc Surg 2009;50:668–74.Cross Ref linkPubmed link
  • 9  Nelson EA, Hillman A, Thomas K. Intermittent pneumatic compression for treating venous leg ulcers. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2014;5:CD001899.Pubmed link
  • 10  Valle MF, Maruthur NM, Wilson LM, et al. Comparative effectiveness of advanced wound dressings for patients with chronic venous leg ulcers: a systematic review. Wound Repair Regen 2014;22:193–204.Cross Ref linkPubmed link
  • 11  Schultz GS, Barillo DJ, Mozingo DW, et al. Wound bed preparation and a brief history of TIME. Int Wound J 2004;1:19–32.Cross Ref linkPubmed link
  • 12  Biemans AA, Kockaert M, Akkersdijk GP, et al. Comparing endovenous laser ablation, foam sclerotherapy, and conventional surgery for great saphenous varicose veins. J Vasc Surg 2013;58:727–34.Cross Ref linkPubmed link
  • 13  Barwell JR, Davies CE, Deacon J, et al. Comparison of surgery and compression with compression alone in chronic venous ulceration (ESCHAR study): randomized controlled trial. Lancet 2004;363:1854–9.Cross Ref linkPubmed link
  • 14  Vuerstaek JD, Vainas T, Wuite J, et al. State‐of‐the‐art treatment of chronic leg ulcers: a randomized controlled trial comparing vacuum‐assisted closure (V.A.C.) with modern wound dressings. J Vasc Surg 2006;44:1029–37.Cross Ref linkPubmed link
  • 15  Schmeller W, Gaber Y, Gehl HB. Shave therapy is a simple, effective treatment of persistent venous leg ulcers. J Am Acad Dermatol 1998;39:232–8.Cross Ref linkPubmed link
  • 16  O'Meara S, Cullum N, Nelson EA, et al. Compression for venous leg ulcers. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2012;11:CD000265.Pubmed link

Mixed leg ulcer

  • 17  Ghauri AS, Nyamekye I, Grabs AJ, et al. The diagnosis and management of mixed arterial/venous leg ulcers in community‐based clinics. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg 1998;16:350–5.Cross Ref linkPubmed link
  • 18  Läuchli S, Bayard I, Hafner J, et al. Healing times and the need for hospitalization for leg ulcers of different etiologies [in German]. Hautarzt 2013;64:917–22.Cross Ref linkPubmed link
  • 19  Georgopoulos S, Kouvelos GN, Koutsoumpelis A, et al. The effect of revascularization procedures on healing of mixed arterial and venous leg ulcers. Int J Angiol 2013;32:368–74.
  • 20  Humphreys ML, Stewart AH, Gohel MS, et al. Management of mixed arterial and venous leg ulcers. Br J Surg 2007;94:1104–7.Cross Ref linkPubmed link
  • 21  Obermayer A, Göstl K, Partsch H, et al. Venous reflux surgery promotes venous leg ulcer healing despite reduced ankle brachial pressure index. Int J Angiol 2008;27:239–46.

Arterial leg ulcer

  • 22  Marston WA, Davies SW, Armstrong B, et al. Natural history of limbs with arterial insufficiency and chronic ulceration treated without revascularization. J Vasc Surg 2006;44:108–14.Cross Ref linkPubmed link
  • 23  Hafner J, Schaad I, Schneider E, et al. Leg ulcers in peripheral arterial disease (arterial leg ulcers): impaired wound healing above the threshold of chronic critical limb ischemia. J Am Acad Dermatol 2000;43:1001–8.Cross Ref linkPubmed link
  • 24  Norgren L, Hiatt WR, Dormandy JA, et al. Inter‐society consensus for the management of peripheral arterial disease (TASC II). Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg 2007;33(Suppl. 1):S1–75.Cross Ref linkPubmed link
  • 25  Rutherford RB, Baker JD Ernst C, et al. Recommended standards for reports dealing with lower extremity ischemia. Revised version. J Vasc Surg 1997;26:517–38.Cross Ref linkPubmed link
  • 26  Faglia E, Clerici G, Caminiti M, et al. Predictive values of transcutaneous oxygen tension for above‐the‐ankle amputation in diabetic patients with critical limb ischemia. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg 2007;33:731–6.Cross Ref linkPubmed link
  • 27  Attinger CE, Evans KK, Bulan E, et al. Angiosomes of the foot and ankle and clinical implications for limb salvage: reconstruction, incisions, and revascularization. Plast Reconstr Surg 2006;117:S261–93.Cross Ref link

Hypertensive ischaemic leg ulcer

  • 28  Martorel F. Las ulceras supramaleolares por arteriololitis de las grandes hipertensas. Actas (Reun Cientif Cuerpo Facul) Inst Policlinico Barcelona 1945;1:6.9.
  • 29  Farber EM, Hines EA, Jr, Montgomery H, Craig W. The arterioles of the skin in essential hypertension. J Invest Dermatol 1947;9:285–98.Cross Ref linkPubmed link
  • 30  Schnier BR, Sheps SG, Juergens JL. Hypertensive ischemic ulcer: a review of 40 cases. Am J Cardiol 1966;17:560–5.Cross Ref linkPubmed link
  • 31  Lazareth I, Priollet P. Necrotic angiodermatitis: treatment by early cutaneous grafts [in French]. Ann Dermatol Vénéréol 1995;122:575–8.
  • 32  Vuerstaek JD, Reeder SW, Henquet CJ, Neumann HAM. Arteriolosclerotic ulcer of Martorell. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2010;24:867–74.Cross Ref linkPubmed link
  • 33  Hafner J, Nobbe S, Partsch H, et al. Martorell hypertensive ischemic leg ulcer: a model of ischemic subcutaneous arteriolosclerosis. Arch Dermatol 2010;146:961–8.Pubmed link
  • 34  Senet P, Vicaut E, Beneton N, et al. Topical treatment of hypertensive leg ulcers with platelet‐derived growth factor‐BB: a randomized controlled trial. Arch Dermatol 2011;147:926–30.Cross Ref linkPubmed link
  • 35  Schafer C, Heiss A, Schwarz A, et al. The serum protein alpha 2‐Heremans‐Schmid glycoprotein/fetuin A is a systematically acting inhibitor of ectopic calcification. J Clin Invest 2003;112:357–66.Cross Ref linkPubmed link
  • 36  Hackett BC, McAleer MA, Sheehan G, et al. Calciphylaxis in a patient with normal renal function: response to treatment with sodium thiosulfate. Clin Exp Dermatol 2009;34:39–42.Cross Ref linkPubmed link